Lumbar Canal Diameter Evaluation by CT Morphometry—Study of Indian Population

Study Design: A cross-sectional study.

Background: To document dimensions of the lumbar vertebrae and bony canal in an Indian population and to compare with other studies from the subcontinent as well as from other parts of world.

Methods: An observational study was conducted on the basis of a review of thin-cut (3 mm) computed tomographic images of lumbar vertebrae. A total of 302 patients were studied, and various dimensions were analyzed.

Results: In general, the vertebral and bony spinal canal dimensions were found to be greater in male patients. Comparison of populations revealed statistically significant differences in the spinal canal between an Indian population and others.

Overview of Literature: Lumbar canal stenosis is a condition in which the anteroposterior and lateral dimensions of the bony spinal canal are less than normal for corresponding age and sex. Numerous studies have been conducted to determine morphometry of the lumbar vertebrae and spinal canal, mostly in western populations, using fresh cadaver or osteologic specimens. These studies did not mention the difference between the vertebral parameters in men and women. Moreover, many of these studies have limitations such as a small sample size and lack of demographic data including race, age, and sex. In this study, we have conducted morphometric analysis of the lumbar vertebrae in a relatively large number of Indian patients by using computed tomography scan. The morphometric data thus compiled may provide a baseline of body and canal dimensions that could guide clinical experts in their practice.

Conclusions: The dimensions of the lumbar vertebrae and bony canal thus obtained shall provide a baseline normative data for evaluation of patients presenting with low backache and lumbar canal stenosis in an Indian population.