PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Bautista, Anson G.
AU  - Reyes, Justin L.
AU  - Lee, Nathan J.
AU  - Fields, Michael W.
AU  - Sardar, Zeeshan M.
AU  - Lenke, Lawrence G.
AU  - Lombardi, Joseph M.
AU  - Lehman, Ronald A.
TI  - Patient-Specific Rods in Adolescent and Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: A Narrative Review
AID  - 10.14444/8642
DP  - 2024 Aug 28
TA  - International Journal of Spine Surgery
PG  - 8642
4099  - https://www.ijssurgery.com/content/early/2024/08/28/8642.short
4100  - https://www.ijssurgery.com/content/early/2024/08/28/8642.full
AB  - Spinal deformity surgery often requires complex surgical interventions that can have a drastic effect on both patient quality of life and functional capacity. Modern-day corrective solutions for these deformities include spinal osteotomies, pedicle screw instrumentation, and dual/multirod constructs. These solutions are efficacious and are currently considered standard practice for spinal surgeons, but they lack individualization. Patient-specific rods (PSRs) are a novel technology that attempts to offer a personalized approach to spinal deformity correction based on preoperative computerized tomography scans. Moreover, PSRs may offer several advantages to conventional rods, which include achievement of desired rod contour angles according to surgical planning alignment goals, reduced operative time, and reduced blood loss. In adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, those instrumented with PSR have observed coronal Cobb reductions up to 74%. In adult spinal deformity, PSRs have offered superior correction in radiographic parameters such as sagittal vertical axis and pelvic incidence minus lumbar lordosis. However, there still remains a paucity of research in this area, mainly in health care expenditure, cost-effectiveness, and longitudinal clinical outcomes. The purpose of this article is to survey the current body of knowledge of PSR instrumentation in both adolescent and adult spinal deformity populations. The current strength, limitations, and future directions of PSRs are highlighted throughout this article.