PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - DING, BENJAMIN TZE KEONG
AU  - KALIYA-PERUMAL, ARUN-KUMAR
AU  - OH, JACOB YOONG-LEONG
AU  - YU, CHUN-SING
TI  - Prospective Evaluation of the Time Required for Insertion of 380 Lumbar and Sacral Pedicle Screws Using Navigation with an Intraoperative 3-Dimensional Imaging System
AID  - 10.14444/7048
DP  - 2020 Jun 01
TA  - International Journal of Spine Surgery
PG  - 368--374
VI  - 14
IP  - 3
4099  - https://www.ijssurgery.com/content/14/3/368.short
4100  - https://www.ijssurgery.com/content/14/3/368.full
SO  - Int J Spine Surg2020 Jun 01; 14
AB  - Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the time required for various parts of the procedure to insert lumbar and sacral pedicle screws using navigation with an intraoperative, 3-dimensional imaging system. Comparison of these timings was carried out for different surgical indications.Methods: This was a single-surgeon prospective cohort study of 69 consecutive patients (between August 2013 and June 2018) who underwent insertion of 380 pedicle screws into the lumbar and sacral vertebrae. Surgical indications, average time required for surgical exposure and attachment of the reference frame, average time required until completion of the first pedicle screw insertion, and average time required for insertion of a single pedicle screw were evaluated.Results: The average time required from skin incision to reference frame attachment was 28.3 ± 20.4 (mean ± SD) minutes, and the average time required from reference frame attachment to completion of first pedicle screw insertion was 22.3 ± 9.6 minutes. The average time required for insertion of a single pedicle screw was 7.8 ± 2.7 minutes. When surgical indications were compared, the average time required for insertion of a single pedicle screw was 7.7 ± 2.6 minutes in surgery for spondylosis-related stenosis, 8.1 ± 2.8 minutes for degenerative scoliosis, and 8.2 ± 3.6 minutes for metastatic tumor (P = .89). There were no significant changes in these timings over consecutive 6-month periods.Conclusions: There is no significant learning curve and no significant difference in navigation setup and pedicle screw insertion timings with intraoperative 3-dimensional navigation systems for surgeries of different pathologies and levels of surgery.Level of Evidence: 2.