Summary of publications on biportal endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.
| Authors | Study Design | No. of Cases (M/F) | Follow-Up (Months) | Clinical Outcomes | Complication Rate | Fusion Rate |
| Heo et al20 | Case series | 69 (24/45) | 12 | Improved VAS and ODI | 5 cases (7.2%) | No information |
| Kim et al22 | Case series | 14 (6/8) | 2 | Improved VAS | 2 cases (14.3%) | No information |
| Heo et al21 | Case- control | BE-TLIF: 23 (7/16) | 12 | Improved VAS and ODI | BE-TLIF:1 case (4.3%) | BE-TLIF: 78.3% (x-ray) |
| MIS-TLIF: 45 (19/27) | MIS-TLIF: 6 cases (13.0%) | MIS-TLIF: 73.9% (x-ray) | ||||
| Park et al23 | Case- control | BE-TLIF: 71 (26/45) | 12 | Improved VAS and ODI | BE- TLIF: 5 cases (7.0%) | BE- TLIF: 95.1% (x-ray) |
| Open PLIF: 70 (20/50) | MIS-TLIF: 6 cases (8.6%) | MIS-TLIF: 90.0% (x-ray) | ||||
| Quillo-Olvera et al24 | Case series | 7 (3/4) | 9 | Improved VAS and ODI | 0 cases (0%) | No information |
| Kim et al17 | Case- control | BE-TLIF: 32 (17/15) | 12 | Improved VAS and ODI | Endoscopic TLIF: 2 cases (6.3%) | BE-TLIF: 93.7% (x-ray) |
| MIS-TLIF: 55 (25/30) | MIS-TLIF: 3 cases (5.5%) | MIS-TLIF: 92.7% (x-ray) | ||||
| Kang et al25 | Case-control | BE-TLIF: 47 (17/30) | 12 | Improved VAS, ODI, and SF-36 | BE-TLIF: 6 cases (12.8%) | BE-TLIF: 81.8% (x-ray and CT) |
| MIS-TLIF: 32 (17/15) | MIS-TLIF: 5 cases (15.6%) | MIS-TLIF: 88.4% (x-ray and CT) |
BE-TLIF, biportal endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion; CT, computed tomography; F, female; M, male; MIS-TLIF: minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion; ODI, Oswestry Disability Index; SF-36, 36-Item Short Form Health Survey; VAS, visual analog scale.