Postoperative improvement over predetermined time periods.
| Time Period | Postoperative Improvement Mean ± SD (n) PROMIS ≥35 | Postoperative Improvement Mean ± SD (n) PROMIS <35 | R 2 | P Valuea |
| PROMIS | ||||
| Preoperative | — | — | — | — |
| 6 weeks | 0.85 ± 7.0 (43) | 4.0 ± 6.2 (54) | 0.054 | 0.026 |
| 12 weeks | 3.3 ± 5.8 (33) | 9.2 ± 9.6 (38) | 0.120 | 0.003 |
| 6 months | 5.8 ± 7.1 (36) | 11.1 ± 9.0 (33) | 0.101 | 0.008 |
| 1 year | 8.3 ± 7.4 (24) | 10.7 ± 8.9 (31) | 0.019 | 0.305 |
| PHQ-9 | ||||
| Preoperative | __ | __ | __ | __ |
| 6 weeks | −2.2 ± 4.6 (46) | −1.9 ± 5.4 (54) | 0.001 | 0.808 |
| 12 weeks | −2.4 ± 4.5 (38) | −2.8 ± 5.1 (53) | 0.001 | 0.712 |
| 6 months | −2.4 ± 4.5 (45) | −3.2 ± 6.1 (46) | 0.005 | 0.490 |
| 1 year | −2.0 ± 5.0 (24) | −1.5 ± 7.9 (31) | 0.001 | 0.807 |
Boldface indicates statistical significance (P < 0.05).
aP value was calculated using linear regression
PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9; PROMIS, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System.