Patient demographic data.
| Patient Data | FLUO MIS-TLIF (N = 61) | NAV MIS-TLIF (N = 36) | P Value |
| Age | 65.67 ± 9.23 | 65.89 ± 9.69 | 0.913 |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 41 (67.2%) | 23 (63.9%) | 0.825 |
| Male | 20 (32.8%) | 13 (36.1%) | 0.825 |
| Body mass index | 25.22 ± 2.96 | 24.86 ± 3.31 | 0.660 |
| Diagnosis | |||
| Spondylolisthesis | 24 (39.3%) | 22 (61.1%) | 0.058 |
| Spinal stenosis | 7 (11.5%) | 2 (5.6%) | 0.477 |
| Spinal canal stenosis | 17 (27.9%) | 8 (22.2%) | 0.634 |
| Herniated nucleus pulposus | 12 (19.7%) | 3 (8.3%) | 0.159 |
| Degenerative scoliosis | 0 (0%) | 1 (2.8%) | 0.371 |
| Degenerative disc disease | 1 (1.6%) | 0 (0%) | 1.000 |
| Level | |||
| L3-4 | 3 (4.9%) | 2 (5.6%) | 0.745 |
| L3-5 | 7 (11.5%) | 6 (16.6%) | 0.703 |
| L4-5 | 38 (62.3%) | 20 (55.6%) | 0.612 |
| L4-S1 | 6 (9.8%) | 4 (11.1%) | 0.800 |
| L5-S1 | 7 (11.5%) | 4 (11.1%) | 0.258 |
| Blood loss (mL) | 171.03 ± 157.75 | 124.44 ± 147.42 | 0.157 |
| Operative time (min) | 173.91 ± 52.93 | 163.64 ± 52.06 | 0.360 |
| Length of stay (d) | 5.2 ± 2.41 | 5.03 ± 2.46 | 0.751 |
| Radiation dose (mGy) | 38.26 ± 5.66 | 11.49±2.13 | < 0.05 |
Data presented as mean ± SD or n (%).
FLUO, fluoroscopic-guided; MIS-TILF, minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion; NAV, 3-dimensional computer navigation.