Bivariate analysis achievement for VAS leg.
| Characteristic | Failed MCID (%) | RR | 95% CI | P valuea |
| Overall | 20.7% | – | – | – |
| Age | ||||
| 18–50 y | 57.5% | Reference | ||
| <50 y | 42.5% | 1.4 | (1.1–1.8) | 0.015 |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 72.0% | 1.1 | (0.8–1.5) | 0.530 |
| Female | 28.0% | Reference | ||
| BMI | ||||
| <30 kg/m2 | 59.0% | Reference | ||
| ≥30 kg/m2 | 41.0% | 1.1 | (0.8–1.4) | 0.692 |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Nonsmoker | 81.0% | Reference | ||
| Smoker | 19.0% | 1.2 | (0.8–1.6) | 0.369 |
| Diabetes | ||||
| Nondiabetic | 92.9% | Reference | ||
| Diabetic | 7.1% | 1.3 | (0.75–2.1) | 0.389 |
| Ageless CCI | ||||
| <1 | 49.0% | Reference | ||
| ≥1 | 51.0% | 1.5 | (1.2–1.9) | 0.005 |
| ASA score | ||||
| <2 | 36.3% | Reference | ||
| ≥2 | 63.7% | 0.9 | (0.7–1.3) | 0.646 |
| Insurance | ||||
| Non-WC | 64.9% | Reference | ||
| WC | 35.1% | 1.2 | (0.9–1.5) | 0.081 |
| Operative length | ||||
| <50 min | 66.7% | Reference | ||
| ≥50 min | 33.3% | 0.9 | (0.9–1.0) | 0.051 |
| EBL | ||||
| <50 mL | 91.1% | Reference | ||
| ≥50 mL | 8.9% | 1.9 | (1.4–2.6) | 0.001 |
| Operative levels | ||||
| Single | 72.0% | Reference | ||
| Multilevel | 28.0% | 1.7 | (1.3–2.3) | 0.001 |
| Operative technique | ||||
| Laminectomy only | 28.1% | 1.6 | (1.2–2.0) | 0.001 |
| Discectomy only | - | - | - | - |
| Laminectomy + discectomy | 71.0% | 0.6 | (0.5–0.8) | 0.001 |
| Spinal pathologies | ||||
| HNP | 69.1% | 0.6 | (0.5–0.9) | 0.003 |
| Central stenosis | 70.2% | 1.5 | (1.1–2.0) | 0.008 |
| Foraminal stenosis | 40.5% | 1.3 | (1.1–1.7) | 0.042 |
Boldface indicates statistical significance.
aP value calculated using Poisson regression.
ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI, body mass index; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; EBL, estimated blood loss; HNP, herniated nucleus pulposus; RR, relative risk; VAS, visual analog scale; WC, workers’ compensation.