Operative characteristics by PHQ-9 score.
| Characteristic | PHQ-9<5 (n = 186) | PHQ-95–10 (n = 94) | PHQ-9>10 (n = 71) | P valueb |
| Operative time,a min, mean ± SD | 49.8 ± 24.7 | 46.4 ± 20.2 | 50.8 ± 24.5 | 0.4160 |
| Estimated blood loss, mL, mean ± SD | 27.5 ± 11.5 | 28.9 ± 13.9 | 34.1 ± 57.5 | 0.239 |
| Length of hospital stay, h, mean ± SD | 9.4 ± 21.6 | 5.4 ± 23.9 | 8.5 ± 14.7 | 0.320 |
| Discharge day, % (n) | 0.183 | |||
| POD 0 | 83.9% (156) | 86.2% (81) | 87.3% (62) | |
| POD 1 | 14.5% (27) | 8.5% (8) | 8.5% (6) | |
| POD 2 | 0.0% (0) | 3.2% (3) | 1.4% (1) | |
| POD 3 | 1.6% (3) | 2.1% (2) | 2.8% (2) |
aOperative time was measured from skin incision to skin closure.
bP value was calculated using Student’s t test (continuous), χ 2 analysis (categorical), or Fisher’s exact test (categorical).
PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9; POD, postoperative day.