Postoperative improvement (Delta) over predetermined time periods.
| PROM | PHQ-9<5Δ ± SD (n) | PHQ-95–10Δ ± SD (n) | PHQ-9>10Δ ± SD (n) | P valuea |
| PHQ-9 | ||||
| Preoperative | - | - | - | - |
| 6 wk | –0.1 ± 2.7 (132) | –3.3 ± 4.5 (73) | –7.4 ± 5.8 (53) | <0.001 |
| 12 wk | –0.3 ± 3.5 (72) | –1.5 ± 6.7 (44) | –6.3 ± 6.2 (31) | <0.001 |
| 6 mo | –1.1 ± 2.1 (55) | –1.6 ± 5.5 (36) | –6.3 ± 7.2 (25) | <0.001 |
| 1 yr | –0.2 ± 2.4 (32) | –3.1 ± 4.4 (21) | –7.9 ± 8.1 (19) | <0.001 |
| Short Form 12-item MCS | ||||
| Preoperative | - | - | - | - |
| 6 wk | 2.4 ± 9.1 (123) | 5.9 ± 11.2 (62) | 7.5 ± 10.3 (55) | 0.004 |
| 12 wk | 3.9 ± 9.0 (70) | 4.4 ± 11.4 (37) | 8.6 ± 12.3 (23) | 0.167 |
| 6 mo | 4.3 ± 10.8 (52) | 4.6 ± 9.9 (29) | 10.9 ± 11.9 (22) | 0.053 |
| 1 y | 0.3 ± 10.2 (29) | 7.8 ± 13.5 (21) | 11.4 ± 10.6 (18) | 0.005 |
| Veterans RAND 12-item MCS | ||||
| Preoperative | - | - | - | - |
| 6 wk | 3.4 ± 8.1 (121) | 6.5 ± 10.2 (62) | 7.9 ± 9.9 (55) | 0.005 |
| 12 wk | 4.5 ± 8.2 (71) | 5.5 ± 12.1 (37) | 9.7 ± 12.7 (23) | 0.108 |
| 6 mo | 4.3 ± 9.2 (52) | 5.9 ± 9.6 (29) | 11.5 ± 12.8 (22) | 0.023 |
| 1 y | 1.8 ± 10.6 (29) | 8.4 ± 13.7 (21) | 12.2 ± 11.7 (18) | 0.014 |
Data presented as mean ± SD (n).
aP value was calculated using linear regression.
MCS, Mental Health Composite Score; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9.