Patients’ results.
| Patient | Level | Approach | Anesthesia | Total Time, min | Irrigation Time, min | Hospital Stay, h | Complications |
| Patient 1: female, 38 y | T10–T11 | Transforaminal | Local and sedation | 50 | 32 | 6 | None |
| Patient 2: male, 39 y | T7–T8 | Interlaminar | General | 80 | 70 | 3 | None |