Mean scores on the patient-reported mental health measures (RAND and EQ-5D) and pain intensity (NDI), with comparisons before and after teh operation.
| Mean | ||||
| Outcome Measure | Preoperative | Postoperative | Δ | P |
| RAND: MCS overall | 68.79 | 77.49 | 8.70 | 0.0001 |
| EQ-5D: MHD overall | 1.73 | 1.45 | 0.28 | 0.01 |
| Pain intensity (NDI) overall | 2.08 | 1.04 | 1.18 | <0.0001 |
Boldface indicates statistically significant findings.
EQ-5D, EuroQol 5-dimension; MCS, Mental Composite Score; MHD, mental health domain; NDI, Neck Disability Index.