Characteristic of Intervention | Men(N = 34,020) | Women(N = 34,020) | OR(95%CI) | P Value |
Prescription opioids, n (%) | 27,010 (79.39) | 21,026 (61.80) | 2.38 (2.30–2.46) | <0.001 |
Methadone maintenance therapy, n (%) | 1827 (5.37) | 300 (0.88) | 6.38 (5.64–7.24) | <0.001 |
Neuropathic agents, n (%) | 6220 (18.28) | 10,076 (29.62) | 0.53 (0.51–0.55) | <0.001 |
NSAIDs, n (%) | 5581(16.41) | 7641 (22.46) | 0.68 (0.65–0.70) | <0.001 |
Referral for spinal cord stimulation, n (%) | 623 (1.83) | 0 (0.00) | – | <0.001 |
Intraspinal injection, n (%) | 1084 (3.19) | 332 (0.98) | – | <0.001 |
Time spent with physician, min, mean (SD) | 21.42 (9.49) | 21.20 (9.49) | – | <0.001 |
aPropensity matching was based on the following baseline variables: age, race, insurance coverage, and all listed comorbidities.
NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.