Changes in surgical defect zone and paraspinal muscle zone data obtained at 4 d and 1 y postoperatively for interlaminar endoscopy and microsurgical patients.
| Surgical Technique | Area Measurement | Mean ± SD | |
| ΔrCSA Immediately Postoperatively | ΔrCSA Within 1-y Postoperatively | ||
| Microsurgery | Defect zone | 41.2% ± 11.8% | 62.9% ± 18.3% |
| Muscle degeneration | 22.6% ± 10.3% | 23.6% ± 11.8% | |
| Interlaminar endoscopy | Defect zone | 17.6% ± 9.4% | 6.4 ± 3.2% |
| Muscle degeneration | 20.3% ± 8.6% | 2.1% ± 1.9% | |
| Transforaminal endoscopy | Defect zone | 5.5% ± 3.7% | 6.3% ± 4.5% |
| Muscle degeneration | 6.9% ± 2.8% | 7.8% ± 5.1% | |
Δ rCSA, relative cross-sectional area.