Table 2

Radiological results of single-level and multilevel ESLD.

Outcome MeasurePreoperativeSix-mo Follow-UpP Value
Single-level ESLD
 MF FCSA (in mm2)
  Ipsilateral594.47 ± 208.24604.56 ± 199.990.112
  Contralateral597.96 ± 227.05613.79 ± 219.180.66
 ES FCSA (in mm2)
  Ipsilateral1101.26 ± 429.11177.88 ± 636.60.123
  Contralateral1138.26 ± 465.41144.65 ± 463.20.621
 Fatty infiltration scale, n (%)
  047 (39.83)62 (52.54)0.221
  151 (43.22)42 (35.59)0.358
  222 (16.95)14 (11.86)0.119
 DS CSA (in mm2)79.23 ± 28.54163.97 ± 37.86<0.001*
Multilevel ESLD
 MF FCSA (in mm2)
  Ipsilateral513.81 ± 198.56520.92 ± 189.220.458
  Contralateral507.48 ± 218.49516.23 ± 206.640.344
 ES FCSA (in mm2)
  Ipsilateral1316.89 ± 523.71332.92 ± 541.680.432
  Contralateral1296.36 ± 563.251316.27 ± 563.430.311
 Fatty infiltration scale, n (%)
  037 (97.37)38 (100)0.865
  133 (86.84)33 (86.84)0.697
  213 (28.95)10 (26.32)0.771
 DS CSA (in mm2)69.83 ± 19.94157.81 ± 23.6<0.001*

  • Note: Data presented as mean ± SD unless otherwise noted. Statistically significant values are marked with an asterisk (*).

  • CSA, cross-sectional area; DS, dural sac; ES, erector spinae; ESLD, end-stage liver disease; FCSA, functional cross-sectional area; MF, multifidus.