Gender, female vs male | 0.777 | 0.287–2.105 | 0.6197 | - | - | - |
Timing of post, post- vs preoperative | 7.634 | 2.754–21.276 | <0.001 | 18.055 | 4.569–71.349 | <0.0001 |
Incision/scar, yes vs no | 0.363 | 0.156–0.842 | 0.0182 | 0.242 | 0.088–0.668 | 0.0061 |
Pain, yes vs no | 0.084 | 0.034–0.205 | <0.001 | 0.058 | 0.021–0.162 | <0.0001 |
Complications, yes vs no | 0.194 | 0.039–0.963 | 0.0449 | 0.117 | 0.017–0.833 | 0.0322 |
Neurological deficits, yes vs no | 0.734 | 0.165–3.255 | 0.6837 | - | - | - |
Activities of daily living, yes vs no | 3.383 | 1.001–11.436 | 0.0499 | 4.610 | 1.198–17.750 | 0.0263 |
Rehabilitation, yes vs no | 8.623 | 1.157–64.277 | 0.0355 | 6.620 | 1.005–55.780 | 0.0480 |