Baseline demographic/surgical data.
| Variables (N = 53) | Median (Interquartile Range)a |
| Age, y | 52 (47–66) |
| Sex | |
| Male | 22 |
| Female | 31 |
| Smoker | |
| Yes | 6 |
| No | 47 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 (n = 48) | 29.7 (26.5–32.6) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | 1 (0–2) |
| Indication for surgery | |
| Spondylolisthesis | 46 |
| Lumbar stenosis | 4 |
| Lumbar disc herniation | 2 |
| Degenerative disc disease | 1 |
| No. of spinal levels operated | |
| 1 | 26 |
| 2 | 27 |
| Baseline VAS back pain (n = 51) | 8 (7–9) |
| Baseline VAS leg pain (n = 51) | 8 (6–9) |
| Baseline ODI | 56 (39–65) |
| Baseline NLR | 1.9 (1.4–2.4) |
Abbreviations: NLR, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio; ODI, Oswestry Disability Index; VAS, visual analog scale.
↵a Presented as absolute count for categorical variables and median (interquartile range) for continuous variables.