Complications reported according to SSF or LSF.
| Variable | Total (N = 439) | SSF (n = 133) | LSF (n = 306) | P Value |
| Any complication | 192 (43.7%) | 36 (27.1%) | 156 (50.9%) | <0.001 |
| Pneumonia | 64 (14.6%) | 8 (6.0%) | 56 (18.3%) | 0.001 |
| Urinary tract infection | 59 (13.4%) | 9 (6.8%) | 50 (16.3%) | 0.007 |
| Deep vein thrombosis | 8 (1.8%) | 0 (0%) | 8 (2.6%) | 0.054a |
| Pulmonary thromboembolism | 3 (0.7%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (1.0%) | 0.338a |
| Postoperative hematoma | 4 (0.9%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (1.3%) | 0.235a |
| Cerebrospinal fluid leak | 7 (1.6%) | 1 (0.8%) | 6 (2.0%) | 0.321 |
| Wound infection | 35 (8.0%) | 8 (6.0%) | 27 (8.8%) | 0.318 |
| Wound dehiscence | 17 (3.9%) | 2 (1.5%) | 15 (4.9%) | 0.09 |
| Neurological impairment | 1 (0.2%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.3%) | 0.697a |
| Reintervention | 24 (5.5%) | 5 (3.8%) | 19 (6.2%) | 0.299 |
| Mortality | 3 (0.7%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (1.0%) | 0.338a |
Abbreviations: LSF, long-segment fixation; SSF, short-segment fixation.
↵a Fisher’s exact test.