Radiation exposure data comparison in the 2 groups.
| Variable | O-arm Group (n = 62) | Surgivisio Group (n = 61) | P Valuea |
| 2D imaging duration, s | 25.99 ± 15.35 (7.17–84.87) | 32.66 ± 20.06 (9–156) | 0.04 |
| No. of 3D acquisitions/patient | 1.63 ± 0.96 (1–5) | 1.01 ± 0.30 (1–2) | <0.001 |
| Dose-length product, mGy·cm | 622 ± 454 (88–2155) | - | - |
| Overall DAP, mGy·cm2 | - | 5326 ± 4180 (1258–25,090) | - |
| DAP related to 2D, mGy·cm2 | 10,222 ± 93,306 (1173–63,331) | 2294 ± 2524 (344–13,298) | <0.001 |
| Overall effective dose, mSv | 11.47 ± 7.32 (2.92–33.59) | 1.14 ± 0.67 (0.42–4.08) | <0.001 |
| Effective dose per level, mSv | 9.83 ± 6.94 (1.82–33.59) | 0.88 ± 0.47 (0.24–2.82) | <0.001 |
| Effective dose related to 2D, mSv | 2.24 ± 1.80 (0.10–7.32) | 0.47 ± 0.41 (0.12–2.57) | <0.001 |
| Effective dose related to 3D, mSv | 9.22 ± 6.78 (1.31–32.33) | 0.67 ± 0.37 (0.22–2.18) | <0.001 |
| Effective dose per 3D acquisition, mSv | 5.84 ± 3.12 (1.31–12.56) | 0.60 ± 0.27 (0.22–1.33) | <0.001 |
| Effective dose related to 2D calculated with w b, mSv | 2.39 ± 2.19 (0.22–14.25) | 0.57 ± 0.66 (0.07–3.46) | <0.001 |
| Absolute risk of radiation-induced cancer equivalent to a whole-body exposure, % | 4.9 × 10−4 ± 3.5 × 10−4 (9.1 × 10−5 − 1.7 × 10−3) | 5.7 × 10−5 ± 3.4 × 10−5 (2.2 × 10−5 − 2.0 × 10−4) | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: 2D, 2-dimensional; 3D, 3-dimensional; DAP, dose-area product; E, effective dose.
Note: Results are expressed as mean ± SD (range) in their respective units.
↵a Student t test.
↵b w is the conversion factor used to calculate the effective dose from the DAP: 0.19 for thoracic and 0.26 mSv/Gy·cm2 for lumbar spine.17