Patient demographics.
| Characteristic | LOS ≥45 h (n = 52) | LOS <45 h (n = 52) | P Valuea |
| Age, y, mean ± SD | 50.3 ± 11.6 | 50.6 ± 12.5 | 0.880 |
| Gender | 0.844 | ||
| Women | 48.1% (25) | 50.0% (26) | |
| Men | 51.9% (27) | 50.0% (26) | |
| Ethnicity | 0.566 | ||
| African American | 11.5% (6) | 7.7% (4) | |
| Asian | 3.9% (2) | 3.9% (2) | |
| Hispanic | 5.8% (3) | 9.6% (5) | |
| White | 75.0% (39) | 78.9% (41) | |
| Other | 3.9% (2) | 0.0% (0) | |
| Diabetic status | 0.085 | ||
| Nondiabetic | 80.8% (42) | 92.3% (48) | |
| Diabetic | 19.2% (10) | 7.7% (4) | |
| Smoking status | 0.446 | ||
| Nonsmoker | 84.6% (44) | 78.9% (41) | |
| Smoker | 15.4% (8) | 21.2% (11) | |
| Blood pressure | 0.083 | ||
| Normotensive | 63.5% (33) | 78.9% (41) | |
| Hypertensive | 36.5% (19) | 21.2% (11) | |
| American Society of Anesthesiologists score | 0.356 | ||
| <1 | 8.0% (4) | 13.7% (7) | |
| ≥1 | 92.0% (46) | 86.3% (44) | |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index score | 0.848 | ||
| <1 | 20.5% (9) | 22.2% (8) | |
| ≥1 | 79.6% (35) | 77.8% (28) | |
| Insurance type | 0.624 | ||
| Medicare/Medicaid | 7.7% (4) | 7.7% (4) | |
| Workers’ compensation | 25.0% (13) | 17.3% (9) | |
| Private | 67.3% (35) | 75.0% (39) |
Abbreviation: LOS, length of stay.
Note: Data reported as % (n) unless otherwise noted.
↵a P value calculated using χ 2 analysis or Student’s t test for independent samples for categorical and continuous variables, respectively.