Table 4

SWAL-QOL as a predictor of PROMs.

Outcome Measures	Effect Size (β)	SE	R ²	Adjusted R ²	P Value^{^a}
Preoperative
VAS neck	-0.127	0.036	0.124	0.114	0.001
VAS arm	-0.101	0.035	0.086	0.076	0.005
NDI	-1.14	0.272	0.171	0.161	<0.001
SF-12 PCS	0.488	0.126	0.154	0.144	<0.001
PROMIS-PF	0.404	0.098	0.182	0.171	<0.001
PHQ-9	-0.440	0.098	0.271	0.257	<0.001
6 wk
VAS Neck	-0.111	0.024	0.225	0.215	<0.001
VAS Arm	-0.068	0.026	0.087	0.074	0.011
NDI	-1.06	0.164	0.368	0.359	<0.001
SF-12 PCS	0.423	0.083	0.283	0.273	<0.001
PROMIS-PF	0.256	0.077	0.156	0.142	0.001
PHQ-9	-0.288	0.065	0.305	0.289	<0.001
12 wk
VAS Neck	-0.159	0.034	0.282	0.279	<0.001
VAS Arm	-0.144	0.045	0.168	0.152	0.002
NDI	-1.41	0.252	0.378	0.366	<0.001
SF-12 PCS	0.543	0.156	0.197	0.181	0.001
PROMIS-PF	0.615	0.157	0.248	0.232	<0.001
PHQ-9	-0.616	0.098	0.552	0.538	<0.001
6 mo
VAS Neck	-0.185	0.049	0.273	0.254	0.001
VAS Arm	-0.142	0.069	0.098	0.075	0.048
NDI	-1.84	0.309	0.481	0.467	<0.001
SF-12 PCS	0.931	0.192	0.381	0.365	<0.001
PROMIS-PF	0.853	0.163	0.459	0.442	<0.001
PHQ-9	-0.598	0.050	0.820	0.814	<0.001

Abbreviations: NDI, Neck Diability Index; PHQ-9, 9-Item Patient Health Questionnaire; PROMIS-PF, Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System Physical Function; SF-12 PCS, 12-Item Short Form Physical Component Score; VAS, visual analog scale.
Note: Boldface indicates statistical significance
↵a P values calculated using simple linear regression to determine effect of SWAL-QOL on outcomes.