Health-related quality-of-life outcomes in patients with preoperative cervical lordosis less than 0° (kyphotic).
| Outcome Measure | 1-Level (n = 43) | 2-Level (n = 51) | 3-Level (n = 36) | P Value | Regression Analysisa |
| Physical component of short form-12 | |||||
| Preoperative | 34.4(31.1, 37.8 | 36.0 (33.0, 38.9) | 34.4 (31.4, 37.3) | 0.87 | β: 0.03 (−1.96, 2.02) P = 0.98 |
| Postoperative | 42.4 (39.2, 45.7) | 42.4 (39.3, 45.5) | 42.4 (39.6, 45.2) | 0.95 | |
| Delta | 7.8 (5.5, 10.0) | 7.9 (5.5, 10.3) | 7.5 (4.0, 11.0) | 0.99 | |
| P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Mental component of short form-12 | |||||
| Preoperative | 50.5 (47.2, 53.7) | 50.8 (47.8, 53.8) | 48.1 (44.3, 51.9) | 0.52 | β: 1.06 (−2.04, 4.16) P = 0.50 |
| Postoperative | 51.9 (48.5, 55.4) | 49.9 (46.3, 53.5) | 52.6 (49.0, 56.3) | 0.53 | |
| Delta | 1.5 (−1.9, 5.0) | 0.8 (−3.6, 5.1) | 3.9 (−1.3, 9.0) | 0.65 | |
| P value | 0.35 | 0.55 | 0.08 | ||
| Neck Disability Index | |||||
| Preoperative | 39.7 (32.8, 46.5) | 33.4 (27.7, 39.1) | 38.4 (33.1, 43.8) | 0.37 | β: 0.76 (−7.89, 9.41) P = 0.86 |
| Postoperative | 35.8 (15.6, 56.0) | 22.3 (15.3, 29.4) | 23.3 (16.2, 30.3) | 0.39 | |
| Delta | −15.5 (−29.1, −2.0) | −16.7 (−28.6, −4.9) | −15.6 (−27.1, −4.0) | 0.52 | |
| P value | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.001 | ||
| VAS arm | |||||
| Preoperative | 4.6 (3.7, 5.5) | 5.0 (4.1, 5.9) | 4.2 (2.6, 5.8) | 0.62 | β: 0.37 (−0.40, 1.14) P = 0.34 |
| Postoperative | 2.4 (1.5, 3.2) | 2.5 (1.8, 3.3) | 1.8 (1.0, 2.6) | 0.33 | |
| Delta | −3.1 (−3.9, −2.4) | −3.1 (−4.1, −2.2) | −2.4 (−4.2, −0.7) | 0.60 | |
| P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.01 | ||
| VAS neck | |||||
| Preoperative | 4.5 (3.5, 5.4) | 5.0 (3.9, 6.1) | 5.8 (4.7, 7.0) | 0.29 | β: 0.31 (−0.61, 1.23) P = 0.50 |
| Postoperative | 1.5 (0.7, 2.2) | 1.6 (0.8, 2.4) | 3.0 (1.8, 4.2) | 0.01 | |
| Delta | −3.4 (−4.5, −2.2) | −3.1 (−4.2, −2.0) | −2.7 (−4.4, −0.9) | 0.76 | |
| P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.01 |
Abbreviation: VAS, visual analog scale.
Note: Significance achieved at P < 0.05.
↵a Regression analysis controlled for age, body mass index, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and preoperative diagnosis.