Table 4

Adjusted OR for postoperative complications by CKD stage.

Outcome and CKD Stage	Adjusted OR	95% CI	P Value
Wound Infection
Stage 1	1.458	1.119–1.900	0.00512
Stage 2	2.218	1.780–2.765	1.33E−12
Stage 3a	1.577	1.048–2.373	0.0287
Stage 3b	1.114	0.542–2.289	0.768
Stage 4	0.468	0.130–1.686	0.246
Stage 5	1.689	0.487–5.856	0.408
Pulmonary Event
Stage 1	1.514	1.191–1.924	0.000704
Stage 2	1.010	0.752–1.356	0.944
Stage 3a	1.063	0.681–1.661	0.786
Stage 3b	1.654	0.989–2.766	0.0550
Stage 4	0.843	0.398–1.784	0.656
Stage 5	0.811	0.276–2.377	0.703
Venous thromboembolism
Stage 1	1.293	0.993–1.684	0.0561
Stage 2	1.423	1.110–1.825	0.00540
Stage 3a	0.624	0.336–1.158	0.135
Stage 3b	2.209	1.306–3.735	0.0031
Stage 4	0.550	0.161–1.869	0.338
Stage 5	1.703	0.366–7.928	0.497
MACE
Stage 1	1.248	0.7977–1.952	0.332
Stage 2	1.148	0.775–1.700	0.489
Stage 3a	0.929	0.507–1.702	0.814
Stage 3b	0.127	0.017–0.925	0.0417
Stage 4	0.665	0.257–1.719	0.401
Stage 5	0.236	0.031–1.768	0.160
Renal event
Stage 1	0.773	0.320–1.865	0.567
Stage 2	0.561	0.228–1.381	0.209
Stage 3a	3.873	1.993–7.526	6.44E−05
Stage 3b	1.922	0.944–3.914	0.0715
Stage 4	0.098	0.013–0.732	0.0235
Stage 5	6.34E−08	0–inf	0.998
Death within 30 d
Stage 1	2.134	1.528–2.980	8.48E−06
Stage 2	1.252	0.814–1.924	0.305
Stage 3a	1.650	0.772–3.530	0.196
Stage 3b	0.973	0.331–2.853	0.960
Stage 4	0.612	0.170–2.194	0.451
Stage 5	1.78E−07	0–inf	0.986
Sepsis
Stage 1	0.940	0.662–1.335	0.731
Stage 2	2.202	1.634–2.967	2.09E−07
Stage 3a	0.975	0.585–1.626	0.925
Stage 3b	1.869	1.004–3.479	0.0483
Stage 4	0.940	0.360–2.457	0.901
Stage 5	2.296	0.750–7.022	0.145
Urinary tract infection
Stage 1	1.050	0.775–1.422	0.750
Stage 2	1.535	1.208–1.950	0.000446
Stage 3a	0.946	0.635–1.409	0.788
Stage 3b	1.826	1.130–2.951	0.0138
Stage 4	1.171	0.508–2.699	0.711
Stage 5	2.506	0.525–11.946	0.249
Transfusion within 72 h
Stage 1	1.270	1.135–1.422	2.98E−05
Stage 2	1.358	1.225–1.504	5.09E−09
Stage 3a	1.046	0.878–1.245	0.611
Stage 3b	0.961	0.746–1.238	0.761
Stage 4	1.203	0.833–1.737	0.324
Stage 5	0.368	0.177–0.765	0.00738
Return to operating room
Stage 1	1.186	0.973–1.445	0.0905
Stage 2	1.687	1.421–2.002	2.07E−09
Stage 3a	1.276	0.948–1.719	0.107
Stage 3b	1.103	0.684–1.777	0.687
Stage 4	0.940	0.476–1.856	0.860
Stage 5	3.744	1.844–7.602	0.000258
Length of stay ≥10 d
Stage 1	0.988	0.854–1.145	0.882
Stage 2	1.144	0.981–1.334	0.0853
Stage 3a	0.970	0.750–1.254	0.820
Stage 3b	1.031	0.728–1.461	0.859
Stage 4	1.024	0.659–1.590	0.916
Stage 5	0.876	0.464–1.656	0.686

Abbreviations: CKD, chronic kidney disease; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular event.
Note: Adjusted OR for each postoperative outcome variable stratified by CKD staging. For each CKD stage, multivariate logistic regression modeling used patients without chronic steroid use as the reference group to determine adjusted ORs. Statistical significance was defined as a Bonferroni-adjusted P value ≤0.017.