Comparison of demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with CLTSS.
| Characteristics | CLTSS N = 24 | Non-CLTSS N = 26 | P Value |
| Demographics | |||
| Age, y | 61.0 (52.0, 73.0) | 51.5 (44.5, 60.0) | 0.022 |
| Male gender | 8 (33%) | 5 (19%) | 0.3 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 26.6 (23.8, 31.4) | 26.3 (24.2, 29.6) | 0.9 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Obesity | 7 (29%) | 6 (23%) | 0.6 |
| Hypertension | 11 (46%) | 3 (12%) | 0.007 |
| Depression | 11 (46%) | 3 (12%) | 0.007 |
| Anxiety | 9 (38%) | 5 (19%) | 0.2 |
| Alcoholism | 6 (25%) | 7 (27%) | 0.9 |
| Smoking | 5 (21%) | 6 (23%) | 0.8 |
| Diabetes | 5 (21%) | 2 (7.7%) | 0.2 |
| Renal failure | 2 (8.3%) | 1 (3.8%) | 0.6 |
| Hepatic failure | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | 0.5 |
| Previous surgery | 18 (75%) | 17 (65%) | 0.5 |
| Clinical manifestations | |||
| Symptom duration, mo | 16.0 (0.0, 120) | 7.1 (0.0, 58.0) | 0.023 |
| Radicular/neck pain | 18 (78%) | 21 (81%) | >0.9 |
| Paresthesia/tingling | 17 (71%) | 18 (69%) | >0.9 |
| Reduced muscle strength | 14 (58%) | 10 (38%) | 0.2 |
| Gait changes | 14 (58%) | 10 (38%) | 0.2 |
| Numbness/hypoesthesia | 8 (33%) | 5 (19%) | 0.3 |
| Headache | 5 (21%) | 3 (12%) | 0.5 |
| Sensory impairment | 4 (17%) | 1 (3.8%) | 0.2 |
| Radiological findings | |||
| Cervical segments, n | 2.5 (2.0, 3.0) | 2.0 (2.0, 3.0) | 0.4 |
| 1 | 0 (0%) | 2 (7.7%) | 0.5 |
| 2 | 12 (50%) | 12 (46%) | 0.8 |
| 3 | 8 (33%) | 11 (42%) | 0.5 |
| 4 or more | 4 (17%) | 1 (3.8%) | 0.2 |
| C2–C3 | 2 (8.3%) | 0 (0%) | 0.2 |
| C3–C4 | 10 (42%) | 5 (19%) | 0.084 |
| C4–C5 | 21 (88%) | 23 (88%) | >0.9 |
| C5–C6 | 21 (88%) | 25 (96%) | 0.3 |
| C6–C7 | 11 (46%) | 10 (38%) | 0.6 |
| C7–T1 | 1 (4.2%) | 0 (0%) | 0.5 |
| Disc herniation | 21 (88%) | 23 (88%) | >0.9 |
| Foraminal stenosis | 17 (74%) | 16 (62%) | 0.4 |
| Central canal stenosis | 12 (50%) | 7 (27%) | 0.093 |
| Myelopathy | 7 (29%) | 4 (15%) | 0.2 |
| Ligament flavum hypertrophy | 5 (21%) | 7 (27%) | 0.6 |
| Spondylolisthesis | 2 (8.3%) | 0 (0%) | 0.2 |
Abbreviation: CLTSS, cervicolumbar tandem spinal stenosis.
Note: Data are displayed as n (%) or median (interquartile range).
a Duration of symptoms is displayed as median with range. N is the total number of participants with available information. Differences between groups were analyzed with the Fisher exact test, χ2 test, or Mann-Whitney U test, as appropriate.