Clinical and radiological outcomes.
| Biplanar Expandable Cage (n = 23) | Preoperative | Postoperativea | Difference | P Value | Achieved Minimum Clinically Important Difference (%) |
| Patient-reported outcome scores | |||||
| VAS back pain | 6.5 ± 2.6 | 1.7 ± 2.2 | −4.8 ± 3.4 | <.001 | 91% |
| VAS lower limb pain | 5.7 ± 3.4 | 0.5 ± 1.6 | −5.2 ± 3.8 | <.001 | 94% |
| Oswestry Disability Index | 49.4 ± 15.1 | 20.4 ± 14.2 | −29.0 ± 18.1 | <.001 | 87% |
| Neurogenic symptom score | 53.3 ± 21.1 | 16.5 ± 19.8 | −36.8 ± 22.1 | <.001 | 96% |
| Radiological outcomes | |||||
| Segmental lordosis, ° | 7.2 ± 3.9 | 10.0 ± 3.3 | 2.8 ± 2.2 | <.001 | - |
| Lumbar lordosis, ° | 36.5 ± 14.8 | 42.6 ± 12.1 | 6.1 ± 7.2 | <.001 | - |
| Anterior disc height, mm | 8.8 ± 2.7 | 12.0 ± 2.4 | 3.2 ± 2.0 | <.001 | - |
| Posterior disc height, mm | 5.3 ± 1.5 | 7.4 ± 1.5 | 2.1 ± 1.5 | <.001 | - |
| Foraminal height, mm | 12.1 ± 2.6 | 13.8 ± 2.9 | 1.7 ± 1.7 | <.001 | - |
Abbreviation: VAS, visual analog scale.
Note: Data presented as mean ± SD.
↵a Mean follow-up duration (y)—1.25 ± 0.26 (range, 0.94–1.79).