Characteristic | Points |
Neurological deficit | |
None | 0 |
Radicular pain | 2 |
Myelopathy/motor deficit | 4 |
Focal pain | |
None | 0 |
VAS ≤4 | 1 |
VAS ≥5 | 3 |
Instrumentation problem | |
None | 0 |
Partial fixation loss | 1 |
Prominence | 1 |
Complete fixation loss | 2 |
Change in kyphosis/PLC integrity | |
0° to 10° | 0 |
10° to 20° | 1 |
>20° | 2 |
PLC failure | 2 |
Upper instrumented vertebra/adjacent vertebra fracture | |
None | 0 |
Compression | 1 |
Burst/chance fracture | 2 |
Translation | 3 |
Level of upper instrumented vertebra | |
Thoracolumbar junction | 0 |
Upper thoracic spine | 1 |
Abbreviation: PLC, posterior ligamentous complex.