Patient-reported outcomes before and after surgery for patients undergoing biportal endoscopic surgery, median values (range).
| Measure | Outpatient | Inpatient | Total | P Valuea |
| (n = 58) | (n = 26) | (N = 84) | ||
| Preoperative | ||||
| ODI | 18.5 (9–36) | 23 (5–41) | 20 (5–41) | 0.021 |
| VAS back | 5 (0–10) | 5 (0–8) | 5 (0–10) | 0.99 |
| VAS leg | 7 (0–10) | 7 (0–10) | 7 (0–10) | 0.42 |
| Postoperative | ||||
| ODI | 2 (0–28) | 6 (0–25.5) | 4 (0–28) | 0.044 |
| VAS back | 0 (0–8) | 2 (0–8) | 0 (0–8) | 0.020 |
| VAS leg | 0 (0–8) | 0 (0–10) | 0 (0–10) | 0.42 |
| Change | ||||
| ODI | 14.5 (−14–36) | 16.0 (−3.5–35) | 15 (−14–36) | 0.88 |
| VAS back | 4 (−4–10) | 3 (−2–8) | 4 (−4–10) | 0.046 |
| VAS leg | 6 (0–9) | 6 (−3–9) | 6 (−3–9) | 0.41 |
Abbreviations: ODI, Oswestry Disability Index; VAS, visual analog scale.
↵a Adjusted threshold for statistical significance P < 0.0167