Postoperative characteristics.
| Complications | ST | SD | Unadjusted | IPW | ||
| OR (95% CI) | P | OR (95% CI) | P | |||
| Ratio (95% CI) | Ratio (95% CI) | |||||
| Whole Cohort | ||||||
| n | 50 | 161 | ||||
| No. of patients with postoperative complications | 31 (62.0%) | 57 (35.4%) | 2.98 (1.47, 6.09) | 0.001* | 2.28 (0.75, 6.91) | 0.146 |
| Acute blood loss anemia requiring transfusion | 14 (28.0%) | 29 (18%) | 1.77 (0.78, 3.89) | 0.159 | 1.74 (0.56, 5.41) | 0.338 |
| DVT/PE | 6 (12.0%) | 2 (1.2%) | 10.84 (1.83, 111.79) | 0.003* | 10.92 (1.80, 66.15) | 0.045* |
| AMS/delirium | 8 (16.0%) | 6 (3.7%) | 4.92 (1.4, 18.05) | 0.006* | 2.34 (0.54, 10.17) | 0.257 |
| Cardiac arrhythmia | 3 (6.0%) | 1 (0.6%) | 10.21 (0.79, 539.36) | 0.042* | 6.05 (0.58, 63.72) | 0.134 |
| Fever/bacteremia | 2 (4.0%) | 3 (1.9%) | 2.19 (0.18, 19.66) | 0.339 | 12.18 (1.67, 88.74) | 0.014* |
| transient ischemic attack/stroke | 1 (2.0%) | 1 (0.6%) | 3.27 (0.04, 257.88) | 0.419 | 1.74 (0.10, 29.51) | 0.701 |
| Respiratory distress | 3 (6.0%) | 5 (3.1%) | 1.99 (0.30, 10.64) | 0.397 | 0.74 (0.15, 3.63) | 0.711 |
| New-onset LE pain | 2 (4.0%) | 13 (8.1%) | 0.47 (0.05, 2.22) | 0.529 | 0.52 (0.08, 3.51) | 0.503 |
| New-onset LE weakness | 1 (2.0%) | 8 (5.0%) | 0.39 (0.01, 3.05) | 0.689 | 0.67 (0.07, 6.17) | 0.724 |
| Hematoma | 1 (2.0%) | 6 (3.7%) | 0.53 (0.01, 4.52) | >0.99 | 0.10 (0.01, 0.99) | 0.049* |
| Surgical site infections | 5 (10.0%) | 1 (0.6%) | 17.78 (1.89, 845.85) | 0.003* | 7.73 (0.83, 72.17) | 0.073 |
| Instrumentation-related complications | 1 (2.0%) | 1 (0.6%) | 3.27 (0.04, 257.88) | 0.419 | 3.74 (0.22, 63.44) | 0.361 |
| LS Cohort | ||||||
| n | 44 | 56 | ||||
| No. of patients with postoperative complications | 30 (68.2%) | 33 (58.9%) | 1.49 (1.47, 6.09) | 0.406 | 1.42 (0.52, 3.89) | 0.495 |
| Acute blood loss anemia requiring transfusion | 13 (29.6%) | 22 (39.3%) | 0.65 (0.78, 3.89) | 0.399 | 0.50 (0.18, 1.39) | 0.181 |
| DVT/PE | 5 (11.4%) | 1 (1.8%) | 7.05 (1.37, 94.4) | 0.084 | 12.96 (1.39, 121.12) | 0.025* |
| AMS/delirium | 7 (15.9%) | 3 (5.4%) | 3.34 (1.40, 18.05) | 0.101 | 3.73 (0.81, 17.19) | 0.091 |
| Cardiac arrhythmia | 3 (6.8%) | 1 (1.8%) | 4.02 (0.79, 539.36) | 0.317 | 4.68 (0.44, 49.63) | 0.201 |
| Fever/bacteremia | 1 (2.3%) | 2 (3.6%) | 0.63 (0.18, 19.65) | >0.99 | 3.77 (0.32, 44.48) | 0.291 |
| TIA/Stroke | 1 (2.3%) | 1 (1.8%) | 1.28 (0.04, 257.88) | >0.99 | 1.47 (0.09, 24.87) | 0.791 |
| Respiratory distress | 3 (6.8%) | 2 (3.6%) | 1.98 (0.30, 10.64) | 0.652 | 1.47 (0.22, 9.98) | 0.693 |
| New-onset LE pain | 1 (2.3%) | 6 (10.7%) | 0.19 (0.05, 2.22) | 0.131 | 0.14 (0.01, 1.57) | 0.112 |
| New-onset LE weakness | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (8.9%) | 0.00 (0.00, 3.05) | 0.065 | - | - |
| Hematoma | 1(2.3%) | 3 (5.4%) | 0.41 (0.01, 4.52) | 0.084 | 0.22 (0.02, 2.36) | 0.210 |
| Surgical site infections | 5 (11.4%) | 1 (1.8%) | 7.05 (1.89, 845.85) | >0.99 | 4.16 (0.45, 38.50) | 0.210 |
| Instrumentation-related complications | 1 (2.3%) | 1 (1.8%) | 1.28 (0.04, 257.88) | 0.629 | 1.64 (0.10, 27.86) | 0.731 |
Abbreviations: AMS, altered mental status; DVT, deep venous thrombosis; IPW, inverse probability weighting; LE, lower extremity; LS, long segment; PE, pulmonary embolism; SD, same day; ST, staged; TIA, transient ischemic attack.
Note: The total number of patients with postoperative complications was 88 (41.7%), with significantly more in the SD group in the univariate analysis (OR 2.97, P = 0.001). There were 63 (63%) patients with postoperative complications within the LS cohort with no difference between the ST and SD groups on unadjusted analysis. IPW showed a significant difference in the rate of postoperative PE in the ST vs SD group (OR = 13.0, P = 0.24).
*Signifies P < 0.05.