Table 4

Variation of patients’ VAS and ODI scores over time.

Outcome MeasurePreoperative, mean ± SDPostoperative, mean ± SD P a
6-mo12-mo24-mo
VAS6.88 ± 0.782.36 ± 0.951.04 ± 0.930.96 ± 0.93<0.001
ODI67.52 ± 6.7426.96 ± 8.6810.64 ± 11.219.52 ± 10.07<0.001
  • Abbreviations: ODI, Oswestry Disability Index; VAS, visual analog scale.

  • a Repeated measure analysis of variance was applied.