Summary of the findings of studies that evaluated risk-mitigating procedures.
| Study | No. of Patients | Procedure | Outcome |
| Elsamadicy et al, 201727 | 643 | Multilevel (at least 4 levels) spinal fusion | Although patients who benefited from intraoperative monitoring had greater operative times (P < 0.0001), they had a smaller likelihood of being admitted to the ICU (P = 0.015). |
| Menapace et al, 202328 | 53 | Posterior spinal fusion for neuromuscular scoliosis | Patients who were operated on by 2 cosurgeons tended to undergo greater corrections (P = 0.089), but in shorter operative (P = 0.0025) and anesthesia times (P = 0.0018) when compared with patients who underwent surgery by a single spine surgeon, with the group, despite only showing a nonsignificant trend toward a lesser rate of ICU admission (P = 0.36). |
| Landi et al, 201729 | 166 | Thoracic and lumbar fracture repair | ICU LOS was decreased and neurological function was improved in patients who had early fracture repair (P = 0.001). |
Abbreviations: ICU, intensive care unit; LOS, length of stay.