Postoperative complications of study participants.
| Complication | n (%) |
| Intraoperative complications | |
| ALL rupture | 8 (8) |
| Aborted prone transpsoas level | 2 (2) |
| Postoperative neuromotor complications | |
| Ipsilateral hip flexor pain | 45 (46) |
| Ipsilateral hip flexor weakness | 57 (59) |
| Ipsilateral thigh numbness | 23 (24) |
| Contralateral hip flexor pain | 28 (29) |
| Contralateral hip flexor weakness | 21 (22) |
| Femoral nerve palsy | 2 (2) |
| Postoperative medical complications | |
| Urinary retention | 8 (8) |
| Deep vein thrombosis | 1 (1) |
| Pneumonia | 1 (1) |
| Altered mental status | 5 (5) |
| Urosepsis | 3 (3) |
| Death | 2 (2) |
| Other complications | |
| Abdominal wall pseudohernia | 1 (1) |
| Subsidence on 1-y radiographs | 6 (6) |
Abbreviation: ALL, anterior longitudinal ligament.