Multivariate analysis of rates of 90-day medical complications by category for both groups.
| Complication | ALIF (n = 578) | TLIF (n = 1156) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P | ||
| n | % | n | % | |||
| Cardiopulmonary | ||||||
| Arrhythmia | 18 | 3.1% | 47 | 4.0% | 0.75 (0.39–1.36) | 0.375 |
| Myocardial infarction | 0 | 0.0% | 10 | 0.8% | - | - |
| Cardiac arrest | 1 | 0.2% | 1 | 0.1% | 3.02 (0.11–84.05) | 0.455 |
| Atelectasis | 10 | 1.7% | 25 | 2.2% | 0.82 (0.33–1.83) | 0.657 |
| Respiratory failure | 6 | 1.0% | 10 | 0.8% | 1.21 (0.36–3.66) | 0.740 |
| Pleural effusion | 4 | 0.6% | 2 | 0.2% | 4.03 (0.62–33.88) | 0.147 |
| Pulmonary embolism | 4 | 0.6% | 6 | 0.5% | 1.13 (0.23–4.69) | 0.860 |
| Deep vein thrombosis | 2 | 0.4% | 0 | 0.0% | - | - |
| Central nervous system | ||||||
| Cerebrovascular accident | 2 | 0.4% | 10 | 0.8% | 0.58 (0.08–2.50) | 0.515 |
| Delirium | 0 | 0.0% | 2 | 0.2% | - | - |
| Gastrointestinal | ||||||
| Ileus | 12 | 2.1% | 6 | 0.5% | 4.31 (1.50–14.13) | 0.009 |
| Bowel obstruction | 2 | 0.4% | 1 | 0.1% | 3.49 (0.32–75.79) | 0.310 |
| Renal | ||||||
| Electrolyte imbalance | 2 | 0.4% | 13 | 1.1% | 0.34 (0.05–1.31) | 0.172 |
| Renal failure | 10 | 1.7% | 14 | 1.2% | 1.39 (0.53–3.42) | 0.477 |
| Urinary retention | 8 | 1.5% | 12 | 1.0% | 1.35 (0.52–3.32) | 0.511 |
| Infectious | ||||||
| Pneumonia | 8 | 1.5% | 13 | 1.1% | 1.50 (0.54–3.92) | 0.406 |
| Sepsis | 2 | 0.4% | 8 | 0.7% | 0.52 (0.07–2.24) | 0.432 |
| Urinary tract infection | 14 | 2.5% | 31 | 2.7% | 0.93 (0.44–1.83) | 0.846 |
| Total medical complications | 107 | 18.5% | 212 | 18.4% | 1.01 (0.78–1.31) | 0.923 |
| No. of patients affected by medical complications | 64 | 11.1% | 124 | 10.7% | 1.06 (0.76–1.48) | 0.696 |
Abbreviations: ALIF, anterior lumbar interbody fusion; TLIF, transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.
Note: Boldface indicates statistical significance with P < 0.05.