Table 1

Data for 25 consecutive cases

Case No.	Age (yr)	Classification	Preop diagnosis	Operative detail	No. of levels of XLIF spacers	Levels of spacers	Decompression laminectomy
1	67	Severe scoliosis + deformity, spondylosis	Lateral listhesis cm out of balance, extreme claudication	XLIF cage + Armada (Nuvasive, San Diego, CA)	4	L1–5	L3, L4, L5
2	66	Severe scoliosis + deformity, spondylosis	Scoliosis, lateral listhesis, stenosis, instability	XLIF cage Armada	4	L1–5	L3, L4, L5
3	76	Severe scoliosis deformity, spondylosis	40° lumbar scoliosis, synovial cyst at L4–5	XLIF cages + Armada	3	L2–5	L3, L4, L5
4	55	Severe scoliosis + deformity, spondylosis	Spondylo at L4–42° scoliosis	XLIF cages + Armada	4	L1–5	L3, L4, L5
5	68	Severe scoliosis + deformity, spondylosis	48° scoliosis, GII L3/lateral listhesis, stenosis	XLIF cages + Armada	4	L1–5	L2, L3, L4, L5
6	69	Severe scoliosis + deformity, spondylosis	Grade I spondylolisthesis, post-laminectomy syndrome, lumbar scoliosis	XLIF cages + Armada	3	L2–5	L3, L4, L5
7	77	Scoliosis, spondylolisthesis + lateral subluxation	GI L4–spondylo	XLIF cage + Armada	3	L2–5	L4, L5
8	63	Post-laminectomy syndrome at L3, L4, L5	GI L3–and GII L4–5 spondylo 40° scoliosis	XLIF cage + Armada	3	L2–5	L3, L4, L5
9	64	Scoliosis, spondylolisthesis + lateral subluxation	GI L4–spondylo	XLIF cages + Armada	3	L2–5	L3, L4, L5
10	48	Scoliosis, spondylolisthesis + lateral subluxation	L2 retrolisthesis, L3 by 1 cm	XLIF cages + percutaneous screws	2	L2–4	None
11	62	Scoliosis, spondylolisthesis + lateral subluxation	Scoliosis and L3–4 spondylo	XLIF cages Revere (Globus Medical, Audubon, PA)	3	L2–5	L3, L4, L5
12	71	Prior VSP instrumentation	L2–3 and L4–5 retrolisthesis, 1 cm each	XLIF cages + Armada	4	L1–S1	L3, L4, L5
13	71	Degenerative scoliosis	Scoliosis and L3–4 spondylo	XLIF cage + Armada	3	L1–5	L4, L5
14	78	Post-laminectomy syndrome and prior VSP at L3–5	L1–2 retrolisthesis and L2–3 retrolisthesis	XLIF cage + Armada	2	L1–5	L3, L4, L5
15	41	Post-laminectomy syndrome and prior CD at L4–S1	Spondylo at L5-S1 and scoliosis	XLIF cages + Armada	2	L2–S1	L4, L5
16	68	Scoliosis, spondylolisthesis + lateral subluxation	Scoliosis and lateral listhesis at L2–3 and L4–5	XLIF cages + Armada	3	L1–S1	L3, L4, L5
17	66	Scoliosis, spondylolisthesis + lateral subluxation	Scoliosis and L3–lateral, L2–3 1-cm retrolisthesis, OOB	XLIF cages + Armada	4	L1–S1	L3, L4, L5
18	64	Scoliosis, spondylolisthesis + lateral subluxation	Scoliosis on right side	XLIF cages + Armada	3	L2–5	L3, L4, L5
19	61	Scoliosis, spondylolisthesis + lateral subluxation	Retrolisthesis at L4–5 and scoliosis	XLIF cage + Armada	3	L2–5	L4, L5
20	73	Post-laminectomy syndrome at L3, L4, L5	Scoliosis stenosis	XLIF cage + Armada	3	L2–5	L4, L5
21	62	Scoliosis, spondylolisthesis + lateral subluxation	GI L2–3 and L4–5 spondylo scoliosis	XLIF cages + Armada	3	L2–5	L3, L4, L5
22	67	HNP at T12–L1 and adjacent segment with instrumentation	GII retrolisthesis at L2–3 and HNP at T12–L1	XLIF cages + Armada	3	T12–L3	L2, L3, L4, L5
23	72	Scoliosis, spondylolisthesis + lateral subluxation	L3–4 subluxation, post-laminectomy syndrome	XLIF cages + Armada	4	T12–L5	L3, L4, L5
24	68	Scoliosis, spondylolisthesis + lateral subluxation	Degenerative scoliosis	XLIF cages + Armada	3	L2–5	L3, L4, L5
25	70	Scoliosis, spondylolisthesis + lateral subluxation	Post-laminectomy syndrome	XLIF cages + Armada	2	L2–4	L3, L4, L5

Mean	65.9				3.12

Abbreviations: GI, grade 1; GII, grade II; Postop, postoperative; Preop, preoperative; CD, Cotrel Dubousset; HNP, Herniated Nucleus Pulposis; OOB, out of bed; VAP, variable spinal plate.

Levels of posterior instrumentation	Lateral listhesis	Preop scoliosis (°)	Postop scoliosis	Preop OOB (cm)	Postop OOB	Mean length of hospital stay (d)	Mean blood loss (cc)	Length of surgery (min)	Preop VAS score	Postop VAS score
T12–L5	GII L3 to right of L4	47	5	2	0	6	3100	378	80	5
L1–5	GII L3 to left of L4	40	6	2	0	13	3600	393	85	3
L2–5	GI L4 to left of L5	40	3	3	0	4	900	234	60	7
L1–5	GI L3 to left of L4	42	4	3	0	7	1700	337	90	0
T12–L5	GII L3 to left of	48	7	3	0	4	600	266	60	5
	L4
L1–5	GI L3 to right of L4	40	5	2	0	7	900	325	90	10
L2–5	GI L4–5 anterior and lateral	42	4	2	0	3	600	130	90	30
L1–5	GI L3–4 lateral, GI L4–5 lateral	55	15	5	0	4	800	259	80	10
L2–5	GI L4–5 anterior and lateral	40		2	0	9 (reoperation on day 5)	1100	268	90	30
L2–5	L2–3	40	0	2	0	4	150	192	90	20
L2–5	L4–5 1 cm	43	6	2	0	3	1700	315	100	10
L1–S1	L4–5 GI	41	3	2	0	3	50	120	60	40
L1–5	L3 right of GI L4	43	8	0	0	4	1500	278	60	40
L1–5	GI L1–2 and L2–3	40	0	2	0	5	350	143	90	20
L2–5	L2–3 + L3–4	40	4	2	0	3	50	75	80	60
L1–5	GI L–3, L3–4, and L4–5	48	10	2	0	5	550	377	60	0
L1–S1	GII L3–4	40	8	4	0	4	1100	344	70	80
L2–5	L2–3	42	0	2	0	7	700	218	100	50
L2–5	Retrolisthesis and lateral at L2–3 + L4–5, 1 cm each	45	10	2	0	3	600	136	90	30
L2–5	L3–4	40	0	2	0	7	750	201	90	70
L2–5	L4–5	40	5	2	0	3	500	150	40	80
T11–L5	GII retrolisthesis at L2–3	43	2	2	0	4	650	242	70	30
L2–5	GII L3–4	53	10	5	2	4	1400	263	90	50
L2–5	L4–5	40	4	2	0	4	300	143	30	0
L2–5	Retrolisthesis and lateral subluxation L3–4	41	3	2	0	3	300	123	100	80

		42.9	5.08	2.32	0.08	4.75	958	236	77.8	30.4