Summary of patient clinical demographics
| Total number of eligible patients with foraminal claudication | 79 |
| Entire Cohort Age at 10 year review (years) | |
| Mean ±SD | 56 ± 10.5 |
| Range | 40–82 |
| Duration of symptoms (years) | |
| Mean ±SD | 10.1 ± 4.9 |
| Range | 3–29 |
| Males | 37 |
| Predominant presenting activity related symptom(s)* | |
| Back pain predominating over leg symptoms | 42 |
| Predominant buttock, groin or proximal limb pain & weakness | 12 |
| Predominant limb pain extending below the knee | 15** |
| Equivalent predominance of back, buttock and limb pain | 6 |
| Bilateral or oscillating limb pain | 4 |
| Interventional Level | |
| L1-2 | 0 |
| L2-3 | 1 |
| L3-4 | 3 |
| L4-5 or Transitional | 35 |
| L5-S1 or Transitional | 40 |
| Predominant Pathology Combinations | |
| Disc protrusion & axial stenosis & foraminal narrowing | 37 |
| Spondylolisthesis & foraminal narrowing | 12 |
| Perineural scarring ± osteophytosis | 14 |
| Foraminal & lateral recess stenosis | 10 |
| Pedicle wall fragmentation compromising the foramen | 1 |
| Cage implant foraminal compromise | 2 |
| Retrolisthesis & foraminal compromise | 3 |
| Prior pain management | |
| Chronic pain management | 62 |
| Coping courses | 42 |
| Residential cognitive behavioural therapy | 24 |
| Eligible for dorsal column stimulator | 9 |