Baseline Patient Characteristics
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Age, yr | 51±11 |
| Female gender | 48% |
| Back pain severity | 7.8±1.7 |
| Oswestry Disability Index (%)* | 60±15 |
| Primary diagnosis | |
| • Degenerative disc disease | 38 |
| • Spondylolisthesis | 10 |
| • Spinal stenosis | 4 |
| • Radiculopathy | 3 |
| • Revision surgery | 3 |
| Global (L1-S1) lordosis, ° | 48±9 |
| Segmental (L4-S1) lordosis, ° | 32±9 |
Values are mean ± SD or n (%).
↵* Collected on 38 of 58 patients.