Clinical study baseline demographics (overall)
| Variable | Result (N = 50) |
|---|---|
| Mean age (y) | 39.7 ± 8.3 |
| Gender | |
| Female | 22 (44.0%) |
| Male | 28 (56.0%) |
| Weight (kg) | 75.0 ± 12.3 |
| Height (m) | 1.7 ± 0.09 |
| Mean body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.3 ± 3.0 |
| Race | |
| Asian | 1 (2%) |
| White | 49 (98%) |
| Significant systemic/concurrent disease | 10 (20%) |
| Prior lumbar procedures | 1 (2%) |
| Smoking history | |
| None or none in past 10 y | 27 (54%) |
| In past 10 y but none currently | 7 (14%) |
| Currently <1 pack/day | 12 (24%) |
| Currently >1 pack/day | 4 (8%) |
| Work status | |
| Not working | 22 (44%) |
| Working full time | 21 (42%) |
| Working part time | 4 (8%) |
| Not applicable* | 3 (6%) |
| Currently receiving disability benefits | |
| No | 30 (60%) |
| Yes, back only | 20 (40%) |
| Yes, other than back | 0 (0.0%) |
| Yes, back and other reasons | 0 (0.0%) |
| Workers’ compensation in past year† | |
| Yes | 6 (12%) |
| No | 44 (88%) |
| Duration of back pain history | |
| Mean (mo) | 85.8 ± 61.0 |
| Median (mo) | 60 |