Table 3

Biomechanical Evaluation of Dynesys

StudyINTACTINJUREDINSTRUM with Dynesys% (Inst/ Int)
FlexionCheng et al.----
Niosi et al.3.7 ± 1.56.1 ± 1.41 ± 0.627
Schmoelz et al.5 ± 2.47.6 ± 4.21 ± 2.320
Freudiger et al.9.6 ± 1.7-4.3 ± 0.945
ExtensionCheng et al.----
Niosi et al.3.3 ± 1.54.4 ± 1.21.1 ± 0.733
Schmoelz et al.4 ± 2.47.3 ± 5.93.8 ± 4.294
Freudiger et al.2.1 ± 1-1.1 ± 0.952
Flexion/extensionCheng et al.5.2 ± 2.76.6 ± 3.71.3 ± 0.425
Niosi et al.710.52.130
Schmoelz et al.9154.853
Freudiger et al.11.7-5.446
Axial rotationCheng et al.4.1 ± 1.85 ± 2.14.2 ± 1.9102
Niosi et al.4.2 ± 1.85.6 ± 2.43.2 ± 276
Schmoelz et al.2.14.93.8181
Freudiger et al.----
Lateral bendingCheng et al.4.9 ± 2.25.3 ± 2.62 ± 0.840
Niosi et al.7.6 ± 2.810 ± 3.62 ± 126
Schmoelz et al.9152.528
Freudiger et al.----

  • Cheng et al.,18 n = 6, L3-L4 tested, pure moment of ± 6 Nm, without preload

  • Niosi et al.,17 n = 10, L3-L4 tested, pure moment of ± 7.5 Nm, without preload

  • Schmoelz et al.,15 n = 6, L3-L4 tested, pure moment of ± 10 Nm, no axial preload

  • Freudiger et al.,14 n = 4, L4-L5 tested, 18.3 Nm flexion moment and 12.5 Nm extension moment

  • % = (ROMinstrum/ROMintact)×100