Bending posture and bending method classifications for classifying studies reviewed as part of the review of medical literature.
| Bending Posture | Bending Method | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| A. Standing uncontrolled | Patient stands uprights and bends on their own without grabbing anything or being bolstered to anything. | I. Max Voluntary | Patient bends as far as they can move them-selves without using their hands to pull into flexion. |
| B. Hips flexed | In flexion, bending can occur in the hips and lumbar spine. Knees may or may not be flexed. | II. Patient pulling | Patient pulls on a fixed object to go further into flexion than the patient could otherwise go. |
| C. Standing pelvis bolster | Upright standing with a bolster to minimize pelvis motion. Knees kept in full extension. | III. Rad Tech Pulling | A technician pushes and/or pulls the patient into a maximal spine bend. |
| D. Side lying | Lying in lateral decubitus position and bending forward and backward. | IV. Stan-dard End Range | IVT and IVR are measured at a standardized overall trunk bending angle, short of the maximal end range position. |
| E. Traction & compression | Using external forces to add load (compression) or to distract (traction) the spine while in an upright standing posture | ||