Summary
We have evaluated the fate of mineralized and demineralized osseous implants placed into cranial defects in rats. By 2 weeks, 100% of the defects that had been filled with demineralized bone powder (DBP, 75–250 µm) showed bony repair as judged by histomorphometric analysis and incorporation of45Ca. The DBP was not appreciably resorbed but rather was amalgamated within the new bone. Histomorphometric evaluation of osteogenesis induced by equal masses of demineralized bone powders of various particle sizes (<75, 75–250, 250–450, >450 µm) revealed that the smaller particles induced more bone per field than did the larger particles.
In contrast, mineralized bone powder (BP) was completely resorbed by 3 weeks, without bony repair of the cranial defect. These specimens contained large multinucleated cells and connective tissue.
Implants of bone minerals were also evaluated. Bone ash and deorganified bone powder were surrounded by multinucleated cells within 7 days and completely resorbed by 3 weeks.
It is concluded that (a) demineralized bone powder predictably induces osteogenic healing of cranial defects, (b) demineralized bone powder is not appreciably resorbed prior to bone induction, (c) the extent of bone induction is a function of the surface area of the demineralized bone implant, and (d) mineralized bone powder undergoes obligatory resorption.
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Glowacki, J., Altobelli, D. & Mulliken, J.B. Fate of mineralized and demineralized osseous implants in cranial defects. Calcif Tissue Int 33, 71–76 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02409414
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02409414