Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been widely applied in orthopedics because of its excellent mechanical properties, radiolucency, and biocompatibility. However, the bioinertness and poor osteointegration of PEEK have greatly limited its further application. Growing evidence proves that physical factors of implants, including their architecture, surface morphology, stiffness, and mechanical stimulation, matter as much as the composition of their surface chemistry. This review focuses on the multiple strategies for the physical modification of PEEK implants through adjusting their architecture, surface morphology, and stiffness. Many research findings show that transforming the architecture and incorporating reinforcing fillers into PEEK can affect both its mechanical strength and cellular responses. Modified PEEK surfaces at the macro scale and micro/nano scale have positive effects on cell—substrate interactions. More investigations are necessary to reach consensus on the optimal design of PEEK implants and to explore the efficiency of various functional implant surfaces. Soft-tissue integration has been ignored, though evidence shows that physical modifications also improve the adhesion of soft tissue. In the future, ideal PEEK implants should have a desirable topological structure with better surface hydrophilicity and optimum surface chemistry.
概要
聚醚醚酮在骨缺损修复中受到越来越多的重视, 但其应用受到生物惰性限制。植入物的物理因素(包括结构、表面形态、刚度和机械刺激), 对材料生物相容性、骨整合能力有较大影响。本综述介绍了通过改变聚醚醚酮植入物的结构、表面形态和刚度来对其进行物理修饰的多种方法, 并概述这些方法对材料物理结构、机械性能及生物活性的影响。最后对聚醚醚酮待发掘的材料特性及未来发展方向进行讨论。
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31570989), the Young Talents Project of Zhejiang Provincial Health Department (No. 2019RC151), and the Zhejiang Provincial Welfare Technology Research Project (No. LGF20H140007), China.
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Dan YU was responsible for concept design, literature research, and manuscript writing. Xiaoyue LEI contributed to literature research, wrote and edited the manuscript. Huiyong ZHU was responsible for review and quality control of the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript, and therefore, have full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity and security of the data.
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Dan YU, Xiaoyue LEI, and Huiyong ZHU declare that they have no conflict of interest.
This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.
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Yu, D., Lei, X. & Zhu, H. Modification of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) physical features to improve osteointegration. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B 23, 189–203 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B2100622
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B2100622