A method for confining electrons to artificial structures at the nanometer lengthscale is
presented. Surface state electrons on a copper(111) surface were confined to closed structures (…

We used a scanning tunneling microscope to probe the interactions between spins in
individual atomic-scale magnetic structures. Linear chains of 1 to 10 manganese atoms were …

We demonstrate the ability to measure the energy required to flip the spin of single adsorbed
atoms. A low-temperature, high–magnetic field scanning tunneling microscope was used to …

Control of magnetism on the atomic scale is becoming essential as data storage devices
are miniaturized. We show that antiferromagnetic nanostructures, composed of just a few Fe …

Magnetic anisotropy allows magnets to maintain their direction of magnetization over time.
Using a scanning tunneling microscope to observe spin excitations, we determined the …

Manipulation of individual atoms and molecules by scanning probe microscopy offers the
ability of controlled assembly at the single-atom scale. However, the driving forces behind …

Single spins in solid-state systems are often considered prime candidates for the storage of
quantum information, and their interaction with the environment the main limiting factor for …

In the Kondo effect, a localized magnetic moment is screened by forming a correlated
electron system with the surrounding conduction electrons of a non-magnetic host 1 . Spin S=1/2 …

The single-atom bit represents the ultimate limit of the classical approach to high-density
magnetic storage media. So far, the smallest individually addressable bistable magnetic bits …

Designing systems with large magnetic anisotropy is critical to realize nanoscopic magnets.
Thus far, the magnetic anisotropy energy per atom in single-molecule magnets and …