Background Context The North American Spine Society's (NASS) Evidence-Based Clinical
Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis …

Object The management of odontoid fractures remains controversial. Evidence-based
methodology was used to review the published data on odontoid fracture management to …

Low back pain (LBP) is the most expensive occupational disorder in the United States and
the leading cause of disability worldwide. 1–3 Thirty percent of Americans have LBP at any …

Introduction: The prognosis of glioblastoma (GBM) treated with standard-of-care maximal
surgical resection and concurrent adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ)/radiotherapy remains very …

Introduction: Decompressive craniectomy (DC) has increasing support with current studies
suggesting an improvement in both survival rates and outcomes with this intervention. …

Object: Craniectomy is a common neurosurgical procedure. Syndrome of the trephined (ST)
occurring after craniectomy results in neurologic symptoms that are reversible with …

BACKGROUND The bcl-2 protooncogene represses a number of cellular apoptotic pathways
and is known to be expressed in increasing amounts in glial tumors of higher malignancy. …

e13028 Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBMs) are brain tumors with low survival
rates due to the presence of chemoresistant Glioma Cancer Stem-Like Cells (GCSLCs). …

Transoral odontoidectomy is often performed in the treatment of cervicomedullary junction
disease. The operating microscope is frequently used to improve visualization in this narrow …

e13012 Background: Cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs) in primary brain tumors can resist certain
chemotherapies, thereby causing relapse of the disease. Thus, development of a test that …