Background Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) could seriously affect the quality of man
life. In the current literature, there was scarce evidence to prove the pros and cons of full …

Purpose Studies about the clinical efficacy of endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion using an
enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway are insufficient. Thus, the purpose of this …

Study Design. Retrospective review of prospectively collected data. Objective. To describe
the learning curve for percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) and …

Cervical endoscopic spine surgery is rapidly evolving and gaining popularity for the
treatment of cervical radiculopathy and myelopathy. This approach significantly reduces …

Background Exoscopes were recently developed as an alternative to the operative
microscope (OM) and endoscope for intraoperative visualization in neurosurgery. Prior …

Spinal endoscopy has evolved significantly since its inception, offering minimally invasive
solutions for various spinal pathologies. This study introduces a promising innovation in …

Spinal endoscopy procedure is commonly used in the diagnosis and treatment of various
health problems and is effective. Bleeding is one of the most common complications of …

Background Developmental atlantal stenosis with myelopathy (DASM) in adults is a rare
disease that only sporadic cases have been reported over the years. C1 laminectomy (C1L) …

Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD), known as pseudogout, is characterized
by the accumulation of calcium pyrophosphate crystals in musculoskeletal structures …

Background: Postoperative intracranial hemorrhage (PIH) is a fairly rare but catastrophic
perioperative complication following lumbar spine surgery. This is a case report of a 54-year …