Background Total lumbar disc replacement (TDR) devices have been designed to maintain
motion, but both biomechanical and clinical data have indicated that a more controlled …

Background context The surgical treatment of degenerative disc disease at the lumbar spine
may involve fusion. Total disc replacement (TDR) is an alternative treatment to avoid fusion …

BACKGROUND: Elastomeric disc replacements have been developed to restore normal
shock absorption and physiologic centers of rotation to the degenerated disc. The Physio-L …

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to describe the mechanical durability and the
clinical and radiographic outcomes of a viscoelastic total disc replacement (VTDR). The …

Background Lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) is one of the most frequently diagnosed spinal
diseases. The symptoms these disorders cause are anticipated to increase as the …

A viscoelastic artificial disc may more closely replicate normal stiffness characteristics of the
healthy human disc compared with first-generation total disc replacement (TDR) devices …

Degeneration of the lumbar intervertebral discs is a leading cause of chronic low back pain
in adults. Treatment options for patients with chronic lumbar discogenic pain unresponsive …

Study Design. A prospective, multicenter, randomized, controlled, investigational device
exemption (IDE) noninferiority trial. Objective. The aim of this study was to compare the 5 …

Background context Surgical treatment of degenerative disc disease remains a controversial
subject. Lumbar fusion has been associated with a potential risk of segmental junctional …

Over the last decades, fusion of lumbar spinal motion segments has represented the
mainstay of treatment of lumbar degenerative conditions which failed to respond adequately …