Background The literature reports that index level (IL) revision spine surgery (RSS) and
adjacent level (AL) RSS are diminished in lumbar TDR compared with fusion procedures …

Background Total disc replacement (TDR) has been shown to be effective for the treatment
of lumbar degenerative disc disease (DDD) in carefully selected patients. Previous studies …

Study Design. Prospective single-center case cohort study. Objective. Evaluation of clinical
and radiographic outcomes of a consecutive 122-patient cohort with discogenic back pain …

Object The authors report the 5-year results for radiographically demonstrated adjacent-
level degenerative changes from a prospective multicenter study in which patients were …

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Fusion has been the primary treatment for symptomatic disc
degeneration unresponsive to nonoperative care. The results for two-level fusion have …

Background Fusion has been the traditional surgery for painful disc degeneration
unresponsive to nonoperative care. Fusion rates may decline in multilevel procedures. Also …

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Patients with lumbar degenerative disc disease (DDD) who fail
to improve after several months of conservative therapy may consider surgical options. In …

BACKGROUND CONTEXT Multiple studies have shown that lumbar total disc arthroplasty
(TDA) is not only safe and effective in treating chronic lumbar degenerative disc disease …

Background Low back pain is one of the most prevalent problems in industrialized countries,
affecting as many as 80% of all adults at some time in their lives. Among the significant …

BACKGROUND CONTEXT Lumbar total disc replacement (TDR) has gained acceptance for
the treatment of symptomatic disc degeneration unresponsive to nonoperative care. Most of …