Estimated rates of national IONM usage for ACDFs.
| Source | Dates | ACDF Coding | IONM Coding | Hospitalizations | IONM Usage |
| NIS | 2009–2013 | ICD-915 | ICD-95 | 152.735 | 10,934 (7.2%) |
| NIS | 2009–2013 | ICD-915 | ICD-915 | 152,735 | 17,606 (11.5%) |
| NIS | 2014 to 30 September 2015 | ICD-915 | ICD-95 | 50,601 | 5,538 (10.9%) |
| NIS | 2014 to 30 September 2015 | ICD-915 | ICD-915 | 50,601 | 9,296 (18.4%) |
| National Surgical Quality Improvement Program | 2014–2017 | CPT | CPT | 43,262 | 327 (0.76%) |
Note: IONM use in the NIS database was assessed using either the first 5 procedure code columns (designated as 5) or all 15 columns (designated as 15).
ACDF, anterior cervical discectomy and fusion; CPT, Current Procedural Terminology; ICD-9, International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision; IONM, intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring; NIS, Nationwide Inpatient Sample.