Table 4

Impact of gender on PROMs.

PROMWomen
(Mean ± SD)		Men
(Mean ± SD)		 P Valuea P Valueb
VAS neck
 Preoperative6.4 ± 2.46.0 ± 2.20.2780.364
 6 wk4.0 ± 2.53.3 ± 2.60.138 <0.001
 12 wk2.9 ± 2.82.9 ± 2.40.877 <0.001
 6 mo3.0 ± 2.82.7 ± 2.50.600 0.003
 1 y3.2 ± 3.13.5 ± 2.70.6470.357
 2 y4.2 ± 2.64.3 ± 2.90.8920.735
VAS arm
 Preoperative6.5 ± 2.75.7 ± 2.50.0760.121
 6 wk2.2 ± 2.72.7 ± 2.50.317 0.005
 12 wk3.1 ± 3.52.5 ± 2.40.245 0.009
 6 mo2.9 ± 3.32.4 ± 2.50.407 0.013
 1 y3.0 ± 2.74.0 ± 3.40.2740.325
 2 y3.3 ± 2.83.9 ± 3.30.6720.685
NDI
 Preoperative42.9 ± 19.640.9 ± 17.80.574 <0.001
 6 wk30.5 ± 20.232.5 ± 19.80.608 <0.001
 12 wk25.0 ± 19.728.1 ± 20.40.434 <0.001
 6 mo25.4 ± 21.122.0 ± 20.50.418 <0.001
 1 y23.9 ± 20.026.1 ± 23.60.7120.684
 2 y22.6 ± 16.033.7 ± 23.90.2170.457
SF-12 PCS
 Preoperative37.6 ± 7.437.9 ± 10.50.799 0.004
 6 wk39.1 ± 9.438.0 ± 10.00.490 0.002
 12 wk44.5 ± 9.143.8 ± 11.50.722 0.011
 6 mo40.5 ± 10.043.4 ± 9.60.2140.166
 1 y44.3 ± 8.443.1 ± 12.20.6920.314
 2 y46.1 ± 8.437.6 ± 13.1 0.043 0.120
PROMIS-PF
 Preoperative39.1 ± 6.640.8 ± 7.80.345 <0.001
 6 wk42.4 ± 6.939.3 ± 7.30.105 0.026
 12 wk46.2 ± 11.245.4 ± 10.40.7930.153
 6 mo45.9 ± 9.247.4 ± 10.90.634 0.031
 1 y47.1 ± 7.948.0 ± 9.40.8000.995
 2 y48.3 ± 11.046.0 ± 9.60.5280.844
VR-12 PCS
 Preoperative36.5 ± 7.536.4 ± 10.00.923 0.003
 6 wk40.2 ± 8.536.3 ± 10.10.070 <0.001
 12 wk42.9 ± 10.140.7 ± 11.60.436 0.003
 6 mo42.9 ± 9.845.9 ± 9.30.2070.090
 1 y45.7 ± 8.544.7 ± 11.60.7350.803
 2 y47.5 ± 7.938.7 ± 13.5 0.035 0.093

  • Abbreviations: NDI, Neck Disability Index; PCS, physical composite score; PROM, patient-reported outcome measure; PROMIS-PF, PROM information system physical function; SF-12 PCS, 12-item short form survey PCS; VAS, visual analog scale; VR-12 PCS, veterans RAND 12-item health survey PCS.

  • Note: Boldface indicates statistical significance.

  • ↵a P values calculated using simple linear regression of PROMs by gender.

  • ↵b P values calculated using multiple regression of PROMs by gender and insurance type.