Characteristics of spinal extramedullary AVFs from spinal angiogram.
| AVF Characteristic | Total (N = 68) | Diagnosis, n (%) | ||||
| Spinal Epidural AVF (n = 16) | Spinal Dural AVF (n = 31) | Perimedullary AVF (n = 17) | Radicular AVF (n = 3) | Filum Terminale AVF (n = 1) | ||
| Location | ||||||
| Cervical | 7 (10.3) | 1 (6.3) | 2 (6.5) | 4 (23.5) | 0 | 0 |
| Thoracic | 30 (44.1) | 1 (6.3) | 20 (64.5) | 7 (41.2) | 2 (66.7) | 0 |
| Lumbosacral | 31 (45.6) | 14 (87.5) | 9 (29) | 6 (35.3) | 1 (33.3) | 1 (100) |
| Number of shunts | ||||||
| Single | 60 (88.2) | 14 (87.5) | 30 (96.8) | 12 (70.6) | 3 (100) | 1 (100) |
| Multiple | 8 (11.8) | 2 (12.5) | 1 (3.2) | 5 (29.4) | 0 | 0 |
| Arterial feeder | ||||||
| Single | 39 (57.4) | 10 (62.5) | 21 (67.7) | 5 (29.4) | 3 (100) | 0 |
| Multiple | 29 (42.6) | 6 (37.5) | 10 (32.3) | 12 (70.6) | 0 | 1 (100) |
| AVFs and spinal cord supplies | ||||||
| Different segmental artery | 43 (63.2) | 15 (93.8) | 25 (80.6) | 0 | 3 (100) | 0 |
| Same segmental artery | 25 (36.8) | 1 (6.3) | 6 (19.4) | 17 (100) | 0 | 1 (100) |
| Pial venous reflux | ||||||
| No | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Yes | 68 (100) | 16 (100) | 31 (100) | 17 (100) | 3 (100) | 1 (100) |
| Venous pouch | ||||||
| No | 55 (80.9) | 15 (93.8) | 31 (100) | 5 (29.4) | 3 (100) | 1 (100) |
| Yes | 13 (19.1) | 1 (6.3) | 0 | 12 (70.6) | 0 | 0 |
| Fistula | ||||||
| Micro | 59 (86.8) | 16 (100) | 31 (100) | 8 (47.1) | 3 (100) | 1 (100) |
| Macro | 9 (13.2) | 0 | 0 | 9 (52.9) | 0 | 0 |
Abbreviation: AVF, arteriovenous fistula.