Preoperative MRI findings.
| MRI Finding | Total (N = 68) | Diagnosis, n (%) | ||||
| Spinal Epidural AVF (n = 16) | Spinal Dural AVF (n = 31) | Perimedullary AVF (n = 17) | Radicular AVF (n = 3) | Filum Terminale AVF (n = 1) | ||
| Spinal cord edema | 64 (94.1) | 15 (93.8) | 30 (96.8) | 16 (94.1) | 2 (66.7) | 1 (100) |
| Hemorrhage | 2 (2.9) | 0 | 0 | 1 (5.9) | 0 | 1 (100) |
Abbreviations: AVF, arteriovenous fistula; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging.