Studies from 1986 to 1995.
| Study Authors | Inclusion | Exclusion | Type in most not known unless mentioned | Intradiscal | Follow-up All followed up except where mentioned | Outcome | Year and Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Schreiber suezawa leu | Radiculopathy | 1 | N = 174 m 68 f106 age 39years [16-81] multiple level n = 25 | +modified hijikata biportal | 28mth , | Gpe s/s score 85 e + g Complications 10 % Reoperation Rate 21% | 1986; 1988; 199136, 37, 38, 39 |
| Savitz | Radiculopathy, tension signs, neuro deficit | 1,4 obese | N = 300 m 132 f 168 16-81 years multilevel n = 40 L2-S1 | + Kambin technique | 6 months | Return to work at 6 months 67% Complications 5.3 % Reoperation Rate 1.3% | 40,41 1994, 1999 |
| Mayer and brock | Radiculopathy, tension signs, neuro deficit | 1,3,4,5,8,9 | N = 30 m11 f 19 multi level n = 1 L2-L5 | +peld | 6-18 months | Gpe s/s scope 67 e + g 33 moderate or poor [inclu reop] 90% returned to work at 6 months in 7.1+ - 4.2 wks Complications 3.3% Reoperation Rate 3.3% | 199342 |
| Ditsworth | Radiculopathy, tension signs, instability Flexible endoscope | 5,8 | N = 110 m 40 f 70 55 years[20-65] all ldh single level | + and ic too | 24-48 months | Gpe 91 exe +g 4.5 poor rec 0 Complications 0.9% Reoperation Rate 4.5 % | 43 1998 |
| Hag | Radiculopathy neurodeficit Sofamor danek system | 2 | N = 101 all ldh single level L2S1 3 exclu as procedures had intraop problem | + | 28 months[15-26] 9 did not respond | ps: good 66 satisfied 9 poor 25 Complications 7.6 Reoperation Rate 17 | 199944 |
| Hochschuller | Radiculopathy AMD kambin method | 1,4,7 | N = 18 m5 f 13 31 years[18-55] L3-S1 | + | 9 months [4-13] | Reop 11% | 199145 |
| Kambin | Radiculopathy tension signs, deficit AMD Kambin technique biportal n = 59 | 3,4,6 | N = 175 m76 f 99 all ldh Single level L2-S1 | +pure | 48 months [24-78] 3.4 did not respond | GPE [mod presby st.luke score] 77 exc 11 good 12 failed return to work 3 weeks 95% Complications 5.3 Reoperation Rate 7.7 | 199246 |
key: sequestrations[1], calcified or narrow disc[2], cauda equina syndrome[3], previous same level surgery[4], instability[5], large extra ligamentous disc[6], high iliac crest[7], stenosis[8], listhesis[9].