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miPCD (n = 35) ACF (n = 28) Statistical significance Sex 24 M and 11 F 14 M and 14 F P = NS Age (mean ± SD) (y) 53. 4 ± 14.9 50.2 ± 8.1 P = NS BMI (mean ± SD) (kg/m2) 27.9 ± 4.0 30.1 ± 5.78 P = NS Abbreviations: ACF, anterior cervical diskectomy or corpectomy with interbody fusion; BMI, body mass index; F, female; M, male; miPCD, minimally invasive posterior cervical decompression; NS, not significant.
miPCD (n = 35) ACF (n = 28) Statistical significance Employed (n) 16 (46%) 13 (46%) P = NS Not employed (n) 5 (14%) 8 (29%) P = NS Disabled (n) 7 (20%) 3 (11%) P = NS Retired (n) 7 (20%) 4 (14%) P = NS Abbreviations: ACF, anterior cervical diskectomy or corpectomy with interbody fusion; miPCD, minimally invasive posterior cervical decompression; NS, not significant.
miPCD (n = 35) ACF (n = 28) Statistical significance No. of comorbidities (mean ± SD) 2.9 ± 2.6 2.7 ± 1.6 P = NS Charlson index (mean ± SD) 1.9 ± 1.9 1.6 ± 1.3 P = NS Depression (n) 6 (17%) 9 (32%) P = NS Anxiety (n) 3 (8.5%) 2 (7%) P = NS Other psychiatric illness (n) 2 (6%) 1 (3.5%) P = NS Tobacco use (n) 14 (40%) 10 (36%) P = NS Ethanol use (n) 18 (51%) 9 (32%) P = NS Drug allergies (n) 11 (31%) 9 (43%) P = NS Abbreviations: ACF, anterior cervical diskectomy or corpectomy with interbody fusion; miPCD, minimally invasive posterior cervical decompression; NS, not significant.
miPCD (n = 35) ACF (n = 28) Statistical significance Narcotics (n) 9 (26%) 6 (21%) P = NS NSAIDs (n) 21 (60%) 18 (64%) P = NS Acetaminophen (n) 7 (20%) 3 (11%) P = NS Muscle relaxants (n) 7 (20%) 8 (29%) P = NS Anticonvulsants (n) 4 (11%) 6 (20%) P = NS Psychiatric medications (n) 10 (29%) 11 (39%) P = NS Abbreviations: ACF, anterior cervical diskectomy or corpectomy with interbody fusion; miPCD, minimally invasive posterior cervical decompression; NS, not significant; NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
miPCD ACF Statistical significance NDI (mean ± SD) 42.70 ± 21.34 (n = 27) 47.32 ± 16.68 (n = 22) P = NS Neck VAS score (mean ± SD) 4.93 ± 2.98 (n = 24) 5.24 ± 2.32 (n = 19) P = NS SF-12 PCS (mean ± SD) 32.33 ± 8.73 (n = 23) 31.85 ± 7.91 (n = 15) P = NS SF-12 MCS (mean ± SD) 43.38 ± 12.71 (n = 23) 41.90 ± 11.66 (n = 15) P = NS Abbreviations: ACF, anterior cervical diskectomy or corpectomy with interbody fusion; miPCD, minimally invasive posterior cervical decompression; NS, not significant.
miPCD (n = 35) ACF (n = 28) Statistical significance No. of levels decompressed (mean ± SD) 2.1 ± 0.9 1.5 ± 0.8 P <.05 Fusion (n) 1 (3.0%) 28 (100%) P <.05 Foraminotomy (n) 14 (40%) 17 (61%) P = NS Instrumentation (n) 1 (3.0%) 27 (96%) P < .05 IVF (mean ± SD) (mL) 2377 ± 693 2330 ± 724 P = NS Urine output (mean ± SD) (mL) 384 ± 243 400 ± 309 P = NS Estimated blood loss (mean ± SD) (mL) 98 ± 131 103 ± 127 P = NS Blood transfusion (n) 1 (3.0%) 0 (0.0%) P = NS CSF leak (n) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) P = NS Procedure time (mean ± SD) (min) 187 ± 80 (n = 32) 164 ± 56 (n = 27) P = NS Case time (mean ± SD) (min) 270 ± 85 (n = 32) 243 ± 59 (n = 27) P = NS Wound complications (n) 0 (0.0%) 1 (3.5%) P = NS Need for further surgery (n) 0 (0.0%) 2 (7.0%) P = NS Abbreviations: ACF, anterior cervical diskectomy or corpectomy with interbody fusion; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; IVF, intravenous fluid; miPCD, minimally invasive posterior cervical decompression; NS, not significant.
miPCD (n = 35) ACF (n = 28) Statistical significance Length of stay (mean ± SD) (d) 2.0 ± 1.7 1.9 ± 1.2 P = NS Discharge home (n) 24 (68.5%) 26 (93%) P < .05 Abbreviations: ACF, anterior cervical diskectomy or corpectomy with interbody fusion; miPCD, minimally invasive posterior cervical decompression; NS, not significant.
Follow-up period miPCD ACF Statistical significance 6mo P = NS No. of patients 18 13 Change in NDI (mean ± SD) −15.10 ± 14.90 −11.76 ± 16.73 Success rate 44% 31% 1y P = NS No. of patients 21 13 Change in NDI (mean ± SD) −9.42 ± 15.96 −10.69 ± 18.98 Success rate 38% 31% ≥2y P < .05 No. of patients 12 11 Change in NDI (mean ± SD) −10.41 ± 14.65 −24.36 ± 15.76 Length (mean ± SD) (y) 2.9 ± 1.0 2.4 ± 0.7 Success rate 42% 72% Last P = NS No. of patients 27 22 Change in NDI (mean ± SD) −9.22 ± 13.45 −14.77 ± 18.57 Length (mean ± SD) (y) 1.8 ± 1.2 1.7 ± 1.0 Success rate 33% 50% Abbreviations: ACF, anterior cervical diskectomy or corpectomy with interbody fusion; miPCD, minimally invasive posterior cervical decompression; NS, not significant.
Follow-up period miPCD ACF Statistical significance 6mo P = NS No. of patients 21 18 NDI (mean ± SD) 26.47 ± 24.56 27.55 ± 17.29 Success rate 71% 72% 1y P = NS No. of patients 28 18 NDI (mean ± SD) 34.28 ± 24.22 35.00 ± 21.50 Success rate 61% 61% ≥2 y P < .05 No. of patients 15 13 NDI (mean ± SD) 41.06 ± 21.26 20.61 ± 14.77 Length (mean ± SD) (y) 2.6 ± 1.1 2.5 ± 0.8 Success rate 60% 92% Last P = NS No. of patients 35 28 NDI (mean ± SD) 32.48 ± 21.06 31.51 ± 21.18 Length (mean ± SD) (y) 1.7 ± 1.2 1.7 ± 1.0 Success rate 69% 68% Abbreviations: ACF, anterior cervical diskectomy or corpectomy with interbody fusion; miPCD, minimally invasive posterior cervical decompression; NS, not significant.
Follow-up period miPCD ACF Statistical significance 6mo P = NS No. of patients 16 10 Neck VAS score (mean ± SD) −2.03 ± 2.64 −2.29 ± 1.65 Success rate 62.5% 70% 1y P = NS No. of patients 20 11 Neck VAS score (mean ± SD) −1.93 ± 3.14 −2.39 ± 3.14 Success rate 45% 45% ≥2y P = NS No. of patients 11 7 Neck VAS score (mean ± SD) −1.08 ± 3.73 −3.68 ± 3.37 Length (mean ± SD) (y) 2.8 ± 1.0 2.2 ± 0.4 Success rate 45% 85% Last P = NS No. of patients 24 19 Neck VAS score (mean ± SD) −1.65 ± 3.11 −2.67 ± 3.00 Length (mean ± SD) (y) 1.8 ± 1.2 1.4 ± 0.8 Success rate 42% 63% Abbreviations: ACF, anterior cervical diskectomy or corpectomy with interbody fusion; miPCD, minimally invasive posterior cervical decompression; NS, not significant.
Follow-up period miPCD ACF Statistical significance 6 mo P = NS No. of patients 20 17 Neck VAS score (mean ± SD) 2.77 ± 2.98 2.23 ± 2.47 Success rate 70% 82% 1y P = NS No. of patients 28 18 Neck VAS score (mean ± SD) 2.70 ± 2.80 2.36 ± 2.37 Success rate 75% 78% ≥2 y P = NS No. of patients 15 12 Neck VAS score (mean ± SD) 3.28 ± 3.15 1.37 ± 2.05 Length (mean ± SD) 2.7 ± 0.9 y 2.6 ± 0.8 y Success rate 66% 91% Last P = NS No. of patients 35 28 Neck VAS score (mean ± SD) 2.62 ± 2.81 2.21 ± 2.46 Length (mean ± SD) 1.7 ± 1.1 y 1.6 ± 1.0 y Success rate 71% 82% Abbreviations: ACF, anterior cervical diskectomy or corpectomy with interbody fusion; miPCD, minimally invasive posterior cervical decompression; NS, not significant.
Follow-up period miPCD ACF Statistical significance 6 mo P = NS No. of patients 17 16 Patient satisfaction index (mean ± SD) 4.29 ± 0.98 4.0 ± 0.96 1y P = NS No. of patients 28 17 Patient satisfaction index (mean ± SD) 3.80 ± 1.20 3.76 ± 1.25 ≥2 y P = NS No. of patients 14 12 Patient satisfaction index (mean ± SD) 3.92 ± 1.49 4.25 ± 0.86 Length (mean ± SD) (y) 2.7 ± 1.0 2.6 ± 0.8 Last P = NS No. of patients 35 28 Patient satisfaction index (mean ± SD) 4.00 ± 1.18 3.82 ± 1.18 Length (mean ± SD) (y) 1.7 ± 1.1 1.6 ± 1.0 Abbreviations: ACF, anterior cervical diskectomy or corpectomy with interbody fusion; miPCD, minimally invasive posterior cervical decompression; NS, not significant.
Follow-up period miPCD ACF Statistical significance 6 mo P = NS No. of patients 10 10 SF-12 PCS (mean ± SD) 7.4 ± 9.9 3.6 ± 9.3 1y P = NS No. of patients 17 6 SF-12 PCS (mean ± SD) 2.8 ± 10.7 6.3 ± 7.2 ≥2 y P = NS No. of patients 9 8 SF-12 PCS (mean ± SD) 4.8 ± 8.4 5.0 ± 10.3 Length (mean ± SD) (y) 2.9 ± 1.2 2.0 ± 0.8 Last P = NS No. of patients 23 15 Mean ± SD 3.9 ± 9.3 5.7 ± 10.4 Length (mean ± SD) (y) 1.7 ± 1.2 1.4 ± 0.9 Abbreviations: ACF, anterior cervical diskectomy or corpectomy with interbody fusion; miPCD, minimally invasive posterior cervical decompression; NS, not significant.
Follow-up period miPCD ACF Statistical significance 6 mo P = NS No. of patients 10 10 SF-12 MCS (mean ± SD) 5.85 ± 14.72 2.34 ± 12.79 1y P = NS No. of patients 17 6 SF-12 MCS (mean ± SD) 6.0 ± 11.07 5.48 ± 17.6 ≥2 y P = NS No. of patients 9 8 SF-12 MCS (mean ± SD) 7.83 ± 11.25 10.28 ± 11.53 Length (mean ± SD) (y) 2.9 ± 1.2 2.3 ± 0.4 Last P = NS No. of patients 23 15 SF-12 MCS (mean ± SD) 5.14 ± 10.99 8.70 ± 12.11 Length (mean ± SD) (y) 1.7 ± 1.3 1.5 ± 0.9 Abbreviations: ACF, anterior cervical diskectomy or corpectomy with interbody fusion; miPCD, minimally invasive posterior cervical decompression; NS, not significant.
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